加入了学习《【Follow me第二季第2期】Arduino UNO R4 WiFi 任务视频》，观看 【Follow me第二季第2期】Arduino UNO R4 WiFi 任务视频

加入了学习《【Follow me第二季第1期】Adafruit Circuit Playground Express 任务视频》，观看 【Follow me第二季第1期】Adafruit Circuit Playground Express 任务视频

上传了资料： Follow me 第二季第2期任务Arduino UNO R4 WiFi学习源码

发表了主题帖： 【Follow me第二季第2期】学习Arduino UNO R4 WiFi 之任务汇总

本帖最后由 md-llama-com 于 2024-10-20 22:28 编辑 # 学习Arduino UNO R4 WiFi任务汇总 Follow me 第二季第二期来了，又又又可以白嫖技术白嫖板子了 ~ 闲话少说 ~开启今日份任务汇总，这次是一份Arduino UNO R4 WiFi的板子，用的是日本瑞萨电子的RA4M1芯片，wifi用的是乐鑫ESP32，非常值得学习的方案。 # 汇总视频链接 [localvideo]bf33d481ab30092d6d1ba4513cc03fc2[/localvideo] # 全部物料清单（含物料名称、实物图片） 1.最主要的控制板 Arduino UNO R4 WiFi 2.LTR-329 环境光传感器与SHT40温湿度传感器 3.跳线 4.示波器 # 入门任务（必做）：搭建环境并开启第一步Blink / 串口打印Hello EEWorld！ 搭配器件： Arduino UNO R4 WiFi 这就是今天的主角，这个项目一是为了确定板子的好坏，二是为了测试与电脑是否可以通讯。 ## 搭建环境： 在arduino官网下载Arduino IDE 点击微软下载或者MAC下载 仅下载 JUST DOWNLOAD 下载好后点击安装包安装 同意，下一步，安装，三步走，尽量装在D盘 完成安装后在打开arduino IDE并授权一大堆权限后，我们进入了界面，开始获取Arduino UNO R4 WiFi 包 注意这里arduino IDE会要求安装一堆东西 安装这块板子的支持包后即可完成环境搭建 整个步骤就是：上官网->下载软件->安装arduino->配置Arduino UNO R4 WiFi板子扩展包 ## Blink 写程序的第一句话是打印hello world 而玩儿开发板的第一步是点灯 在打开IDE后找到文件file->示例Exmples->基础Basics->BLink 用Type-C线连好板子与电脑 点击编译即可 效果如下： 代码如下： ``` void setup() { // initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output. pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); } // the loop function runs over and over again forever void loop() { digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level) delay(1000); // wait for a second digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW delay(1000); // wait for a second } ``` ## 串口打印Hello EEWorld! 串口打印是很多交互的基础 我们在刚刚的点灯程序下加入这一行：波特率设定为9600,波特率是电脑与单片机之间的通讯频率 ``` Serial.println("Hello EEWorld!"); ``` 打开串口调试器，下载程序 效果如下： 代码如下： ``` void setup() { // initialize digital pin LED_BUILTIN as an output. pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); Serial.begin(9600); } // the loop function runs over and over again forever void loop() { digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); // turn the LED on (HIGH is the voltage level) delay(1000); // wait for a second Serial.println("Hello EEWorld!"); digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); // turn the LED off by making the voltage LOW delay(1000); // wait for a second } ``` ## 程序流程图 # 基础任务（必做）：驱动12x8点阵LED；用DAC生成正弦波；用OPAMP放大DAC信号；用ADC采集并且打印数据到串口等其他接口可上传到上位机显示曲线 搭配器件： Arduino UNO R4 WiFi ## 驱动12x8点阵LED 12X8点阵LED这是之前没遇到过的，通过查看原理图，原理图如下 至于怎么驱动这块LED屏幕，我们可以在示例里找到LED_Matrix，打开DisplaySingleFrame示例查看 代码如下 ``` #include "Arduino_LED_Matrix.h" // Include the LED_Matrix library #include "frames.h" // Include a header file containing some custom icons ArduinoLEDMatrix matrix; // Create an instance of the ArduinoLEDMatrix class void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); // Initialize serial communication at a baud rate of 115200 matrix.begin(); // Initialize the LED matrix } void loop() { // Load and display the "chip" frame on the LED matrix matrix.loadFrame(chip); delay(500); // Pause for 500 milliseconds (half a second) // Load and display the "danger" frame on the LED matrix matrix.loadFrame(danger); delay(500); // Load and display the "happy" frame on the LED matrix matrix.loadFrame(happy); delay(500); // Load and display the "big heart" frame provided by the library matrix.loadFrame(LEDMATRIX_HEART_BIG); delay(500); // Turn off the display matrix.clear(); delay(1000); // Print the current value of millis() to the serial monitor Serial.println(millis()); } ``` 效果如下： ## 程序流程图如下： ## 用DAC生成正弦波；用OPAMP放大DAC信号；用ADC采集并且打印数据到串口 这三个任务可以一起做 ### 用DAC生成正弦波 打开案例库SineWave 其代码如下： ``` #include "analogWave.h" // Include the library for analog waveform generation analogWave wave(DAC); // Create an instance of the analogWave class, using the DAC pin int freq = 10; // in hertz, change accordingly void setup(){ Serial.begin(115200); wave.sine(freq); wave.amplitude(0.5);//幅值倍数 } void loop(){ Serial.println(analogRead(A5)); delay(10); } ``` ### 用OPAMP放大DAC信号 使用运算放大器（OP-AMP）放大数字到模拟转换器（DAC）的信号是一种常见的电子电路设计实践。这种配置可以增加信号的幅度，以满足特定的应用需求，例如驱动更大的负载或提供足够的信号强度以进行测量。 以下是电路图 代码如下： ``` #include "analogWave.h" // Include the library for analog waveform generation #include "OPAMP.h" analogWave wave(DAC); // Create an instance of the analogWave class, using the DAC pin int freq = 200; // in hertz, change accordingly void setup() { Serial.begin(2000000); // Initialize serial communication at a baud rate of 115200 analogReadResolution(14); wave.sine(freq); // Generate a sine wave with the initial frequency wave.amplitude(0.5);//幅值倍数 OPAMP.begin(OPAMP_SPEED_HIGHSPEED); } void loop() { delayMicroseconds(100); } ``` ### 用ADC采集并且打印数据到串口 只需要将输出分别导入A4,A5端口即可,循环loop如下 ``` void loop() { Serial.print(analogRead(A4)); Serial.print(","); Serial.println(analogRead(A5)); delayMicroseconds(100); } ``` 用示波器显示如下 ## 流程图 # 进阶任务（必做）：通过Wi-Fi，利用MQTT协议接入到开源的智能家居平台HA（HomeAssistant） 搭配器件： Arduino UNO R4 WiFi 要接入到平台HA（HomeAssistant）平台，首先要有一个HA平台，常规做法是搭建一个服务器，在服务器中用docker容器安装HA,我们作为初学者，自己用的电脑直接安装HA pip3 install homeassistant 在powershell中输入命令下载安装HA，时间会比较久 打开 127.0.0.1:8123 注册HA 接下来要搭建MQTT服务器，这里用的是Docker容器下的EMQX镜像 众所周知Docker安装是真的烦，我这里就遇到了Docker Engine stopped **我是怎么解决的呢** ### 1.首先检查一下CPU是否开启虚拟化 如果虚拟化是禁用的，要进入BIOS打开虚拟化。我这里是没有问题的。 ### 2.启动Docker Desktop Service服务 在windows powershell中(管理员运行)，输入 **net start com.docker.service** 启动Docker Desktop Service服务 ### 3.wsl安装 在windows powershell中输入**wsl --update**，开始安装wsl或者更新版本。 ### 4.启动docker daemon 在windows powershell中输入 ** cd "C:\Program Files\Docker\Docker" ** 跳转到Docker Desktop安装路径 运行命令 **.\DockerCli.exe -SwitchDaemon** 把docker daemon启动 ### 5.重启电脑 重启电脑非常重要，网上的步骤都没写这步，导致我一直失败，重启电脑后再运行docker desktop，就可以正常进入了。 正常进入docker后找到Docker Engine 将其中内容改为 ``` { "builder": { "gc": { "defaultKeepStorage": "20GB", "enabled": true } }, "debug": true, "experimental": false, "insecure-registries":[], "registry-mirrors":[ "https://docker.m.daocloud.io" ] } ``` 重启docker。 ## 然后就可以在docker中拉取emqx ### 1.在windows命令行中输入以下命令搜索镜像， ```c docker search emqx ``` ### 2.回车后可以看到排名第一的 emqx 并且是official; 输入以下命令拉取最新版本镜像 ```c docker pull emqx ``` ## 然后创建EMQX容器 ``` docker run -d --name="EMQX_container" -v D:/HassWP_2024.4.3/EMQX -p 1883:1883 -p 8083:8083 -p 8883:8883 -p 8084:8084 -p 18083:18083 emqx ``` -v 后面接着的是容器保存路径 ## 启动emqx 回到docker点击图示网址即可启动 http://localhost:18083/ 默认账号：admin 默认密码：public ## EMQX的一些设置 进入EMQX后会让我们重新设置密码 访问控制 -> 客户端认证 -> 选 **创建** -> 选择 **Password-Based** -> **内置数据库** -> **下一步** -> 3个都默认 -> 点 **创建** 点击 **用户管理** -> 点 +（右侧）-> 填入新的用户名和密码 ## EMQX 与 HA相连接 首先要找到EMQX服务器在docker内的地址，按照图片所示寻找即可 在HA中打开设置如下图 设备与服务 添加新设备 输入刚刚的地址与EMQX上新增的用户名与密码 完成后回到EMQX界面可以看到设备连接数加一 这样EMQX HA 之间就打通了 接下来要将咱们的主角与EMQX之间的连接打通。 ## Arduino UNO R4 WiFi与EMQX连接 程序如下： 参数定义如下 ```c #define MQTT_SERVER "192.168.3.28"// 电脑无线网卡IP地址"xxx.xxx.xxx.xxX #define MQTT_PORT 1883 //定义MQTT服务器的端口 #define MQTT_CLIENT_ID "arduino"// 定义客户端的ID'arduino' #define MQTT_USERNAME "sdfa" // 定义用户名,EMQX定义"admin' #define MQTT_PASSWORD "sdfda" // 定义密码,EMQX定义"admin" #define TOPIC_SUBSCRIBE "UNO/arduino/switch/cmd_t"//定义订阅的主题 #define SECRET_SSID "dsdfai" // 路由器WiFi名称 也可使用win移动热点"xxXXX #define SECRET_PASS "sfdfsf" // 路由器WiFi密码”xxxXX ``` 主程序是HA网站上设定按钮，然后控制Arduino UNO R4 WiFi上14号引脚小灯亮灭。 主程序如下 ```c #include "ArduinoHA.h" #include "OPAMP.h" #include "Wire.h" #include "WiFiS3.h" #include "arduino_secrets.h" #include "analogWave.h" analogWave wave(DAC); int status= WL_IDLE_STATUS; unsigned long lastUpdateAt=0; int freg=1;//max200 Hz limit by serial print WiFiClient client; HADevice device(MQTT_CLIENT_ID);//HADevice device (mac, sizeof(mac)); HAMqtt mqtt(client,device); HAButton buttonON("myButtonON"); HAButton buttonOFF("myButtonOFF"); void setup() { pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); Serial.begin(115200); wifi_and_mqtt_init(); analogReadResolution(14);//change to 14-bit resolution wave.sine(freg);//wave.saw(freg); wave.amplitude(0.5); OPAMP.begin(OPAMP_SPEED_HIGHSPEED); device.setName("Arduino"); device.setSoftwareVersion("1.0.0"); buttonON.setIcon("mdi:fire"); buttonON.setName("Click me ON"); buttonOFF.setIcon("mdi:home"); buttonOFF.setName("click me OFF"); buttonON.onCommand(onButtonCommand);//press callbacks buttonOFF.onCommand(onButtonCommand); } void loop() { mqtt.loop(); if((millis() - lastUpdateAt) > 1000) {//update in 1s interval unsigned long uptimeValue=millis()/1000; lastUpdateAt =millis(); } } void onMqttMessage(const char* topic, const uint8_t* payload, uint16_t length) { char message[length]; memcpy(message,payload,length); message[length]= '\0'; Serial.print("dbglNew message on topic:"); Serial.println(topic); Serial.print("Data:"); Serial.println((const char*)message); if(strstr(message,"on")!=NULL) { int dutyCycle=0; if (sscanf(message,"on#%d",&dutyCycle)==1) { } } else if(strstr(message,"off")!=NULL) { } else { Serial.println("Unrecognized message"); } memset(message,0, length); } void onMqttConnected() { Serial.println("Connected to the broker!"); //You can subscribe to custom topic if you need mqtt.subscribe(TOPIC_SUBSCRIBE);//command //mqtt.subscribe(TOPIC SUBSCRIBE2)://status Serial.println("subscribed to topic:" TOPIC_SUBSCRIBE); mqtt.publish(TOPIC_SUBSCRIBE,"Hi EMOX I'mArdinO UNO R4 WIFI^^"); } void onMqttDisconnected() { Serial.println("Disconnected from the broker!"); } void onMqttStateChanged(HAMqtt::ConnectionState state) { Serial.print("MoTT state changed to:"); Serial.println(static_cast(state)); } void onButtonCommand(HAButton* sender) { if(sender ==&buttonON) { Serial.print("[dbg]buttonON");// button A was clicked, do your logic hereelse digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); } else if(sender==&buttonOFF) { Serial.print("[dbg]buttonOFF");// button B was clicked, do your logic here digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); } } void wifi_and_mqtt_init() { //check for the WiFi module: if(WiFi.status()==WL_NO_MODULE) { Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!"); while (true); } String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion(); if(fv < WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION) { Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware"); } //attempt to connect to wiFi network; while(status!=WL_CONNECTED) { Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID:"); Serial.println(SECRET_SSID); //Connect to WPA/WPA2 network, Change this line if using open or WEP network; status=WiFi.begin(SECRET_SSID,SECRET_PASS); delay(10000); } Serial.println("\nStarting connection to MoTT server..."); mqtt.onMessage(onMqttMessage); mqtt.onConnected(onMqttConnected); mqtt.onDisconnected(onMqttDisconnected); mqtt.onStateChanged(onMqttStateChanged); //If you want to change prefix only for non-discovery prefix: mqtt.setDataPrefix("UNO"); if(!mqtt.begin(MQTT_SERVER,MQTT_PORT,MQTT_USERNAME,MQTT_PASSWORD)) { Serial.print("Failed, rC="); Serial.print(mqtt.getState());//0btaining state of the MoTr connection: Serial.println("tryagain in 5 seconds"); delay(5000); } } ``` 效果如下 ## 流程图 # 扩展任务(必做，二选一，或根据自己的兴趣，自定义类似难度或更高难度的任务并完成）我选择两个都做 ## ■ 扩展任务一：通过外部LTR-329 环境光传感器，上传光照度到HA，通过HA面板显示数据 搭配器件： Arduino UNO R4 WiFi、5591（LTR-329光传感器扩展板）、跳线 首先要处理一下接线问题，因为没有购买官方的跳线，我们需要自己把插针焊上 如下图 然后按照IIC的要求把时钟线 数据线接上，注意电源线要接3.3V的。 安装Adafruit LTR329 and LTR303 库 打开示例,将没用的语句简化，先测试一下模块是否正常使用，然后再与HA连接： ``` #include "Adafruit_LTR329_LTR303.h" Adafruit_LTR303 ltr = Adafruit_LTR303(); void setup() { Serial.begin(115200); if ( ! ltr.begin() ) { Serial.println("Couldn't find LTR sensor!"); while (1) delay(10); } //初始化传感器，如果没找到持续刷新，直到找到 Serial.println("Found LTR sensor!"); ltr.setGain(LTR3XX_GAIN_96);//设置传感器灵敏度 ltr.setIntegrationTime(LTR3XX_INTEGTIME_100);//设置传感器的积分时间ms ltr.setMeasurementRate(LTR3XX_MEASRATE_200);//设置测量速率ms // The LTR-303 has interrupt output support, we can enable the pin output! ltr.enableInterrupt(true); // The INT pin also has a polarity setting. For active LOW set to 'false', // for active HIGH set to 'true' ltr.setInterruptPolarity(false); //设置低阈值和高阈值 // Then set the low threshold (values BELOW this trigger an interrupt) ltr.setLowThreshold(2000); // and set the high threshold (values ABOVE this trigger an interrupt) ltr.setHighThreshold(30000); Serial.print("Thresholds: "); Serial.print(ltr.getLowThreshold()); Serial.print(" & "); Serial.println(ltr.getHighThreshold()); // Finally, default is an interrupt on every value that is under/over the // threshold ranges. However, you're more likely to get spurious IRQs, so // we can set it to require "N counts in a row" before an IRQ. 1 count is // IRQ for each reading, 2 count means we need two outside readings in a row, etc // up to 16. //设置中断的持续计数,连续4次超出阈值则中断 ltr.setIntPersistance(4); Serial.print("Consecutive counts for IRQ: "); Serial.println(ltr.getIntPersistance()); } void loop() { bool valid; uint16_t visible_plus_ir, infrared; //检查是否有新的数据可用 if (ltr.newDataAvailable()) { valid = ltr.readBothChannels(visible_plus_ir, infrared); //如果数据有效，将可见光+红外和红外的光强度值打印到串行监视器。 if (valid) { Serial.print("CH0 Visible + IR: "); Serial.print(visible_plus_ir); Serial.print("\t\tCH1 Infrared: "); Serial.println(infrared); } } delay(100); } ``` 运行效果如下 与HA结合程序如下 ``` #include "ArduinoHA.h" #include "OPAMP.h" #include "Wire.h" #include "WiFiS3.h" #include "arduino_secrets.h" #include "analogWave.h" #include "Adafruit_LTR329_LTR303.h" analogWave wave(DAC); Adafruit_LTR303 ltr = Adafruit_LTR303(); int status= WL_IDLE_STATUS; unsigned long lastUpdateAt=0; int freg=1;//max200 Hz limit by serial print WiFiClient client; HADevice device(MQTT_CLIENT_ID);//HADevice device (mac, sizeof(mac)); HAMqtt mqtt(client,device); HASensorNumber analogSensor("myAnalogInput", HASensorNumber::PrecisionP1); HASensorNumber uptimeSensor("myUptime"); HAButton buttonON("myButtonON"); HAButton buttonOFF("myButtonOFF"); void setup() { pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); Serial.begin(115200); wifi_and_mqtt_init(); analogReadResolution(14);//change to 14-bit resolution wave.sine(freg);//wave.saw(freg); wave.amplitude(0.5); OPAMP.begin(OPAMP_SPEED_HIGHSPEED); device.setName("Arduino"); device.setSoftwareVersion("1.0.0"); buttonON.setIcon("mdi:fire"); buttonON.setName("Click me ON"); buttonOFF.setIcon("mdi:home"); buttonOFF.setName("click me OFF"); buttonON.onCommand(onButtonCommand);//press callbacks buttonOFF.onCommand(onButtonCommand); if ( ! ltr.begin() ) { Serial.println("Couldn't find LTR sensor!"); while (1) delay(10); } //初始化传感器，如果没找到持续刷新，直到找到 Serial.println("Found LTR sensor!"); ltr.setGain(LTR3XX_GAIN_96);//设置传感器灵敏度 ltr.setIntegrationTime(LTR3XX_INTEGTIME_100);//设置传感器的积分时间ms ltr.setMeasurementRate(LTR3XX_MEASRATE_200);//设置测量速率ms // The LTR-303 has interrupt output support, we can enable the pin output! ltr.enableInterrupt(true); // The INT pin also has a polarity setting. For active LOW set to 'false', // for active HIGH set to 'true' ltr.setInterruptPolarity(false); //设置低阈值和高阈值 // Then set the low threshold (values BELOW this trigger an interrupt) ltr.setLowThreshold(2000); // and set the high threshold (values ABOVE this trigger an interrupt) ltr.setHighThreshold(30000); } void loop() { bool valid; uint16_t visible_plus_ir, infrared; mqtt.loop(); //检查是否有新的数据可用 if (ltr.newDataAvailable()) { valid = ltr.readBothChannels(visible_plus_ir, infrared); //如果数据有效，将可见光+红外和红外的光强度值打印到串行监视器。 if (valid) { if((millis() - lastUpdateAt) > 1000) {//update in 1s interval Serial.print("CH0 Visible + IR: "); Serial.print(visible_plus_ir); uptimeSensor.setValue(visible_plus_ir); Serial.print("\t\tCH1 Infrared: "); Serial.println(infrared); analogSensor.setValue(infrared); lastUpdateAt =millis(); } } } } void onMqttMessage(const char* topic, const uint8_t* payload, uint16_t length) { char message[length]; memcpy(message,payload,length); message[length]= '\0'; Serial.print("dbglNew message on topic:"); Serial.println(topic); Serial.print("Data:"); Serial.println((const char*)message); void onMqttConnected() { Serial.println("Connected to the broker!"); //You can subscribe to custom topic if you need mqtt.subscribe(TOPIC_SUBSCRIBE);//command //mqtt.subscribe(TOPIC SUBSCRIBE2)://status Serial.println("subscribed to topic:" TOPIC_SUBSCRIBE); mqtt.publish(TOPIC_SUBSCRIBE,"Hi EMOX I'mArdinO UNO R4 WIFI^^"); } void onMqttDisconnected() { Serial.println("Disconnected from the broker!"); } void onMqttStateChanged(HAMqtt::ConnectionState state) { Serial.print("MoTT state changed to:"); Serial.println(static_cast(state)); } void onButtonCommand(HAButton* sender) { if(sender ==&buttonON) { Serial.print("[dbg]buttonON");// button A was clicked, do your logic hereelse digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); } else if(sender==&buttonOFF) { Serial.print("[dbg]buttonOFF");// button B was clicked, do your logic here digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); } } void wifi_and_mqtt_init() { //check for the WiFi module: if(WiFi.status()==WL_NO_MODULE) { Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!"); while (true); } String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion(); if(fv < WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION) { Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware"); } //attempt to connect to wiFi network; while(status!=WL_CONNECTED) { Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID:"); Serial.println(SECRET_SSID); //Connect to WPA/WPA2 network, Change this line if using open or WEP network; status=WiFi.begin(SECRET_SSID,SECRET_PASS); delay(10000); } Serial.println("\nStarting connection to MoTT server..."); mqtt.onMessage(onMqttMessage); mqtt.onConnected(onMqttConnected); mqtt.onDisconnected(onMqttDisconnected); mqtt.onStateChanged(onMqttStateChanged); //If you want to change prefix only for non-discovery prefix: mqtt.setDataPrefix("UNO"); if(!mqtt.begin(MQTT_SERVER,MQTT_PORT,MQTT_USERNAME,MQTT_PASSWORD)) { Serial.print("Failed, rC="); Serial.print(mqtt.getState());//0btaining state of the MoTr connection: Serial.println("tryagain in 5 seconds"); delay(5000); } } ``` 运行效果如下 ### 流程图 ## ■ 扩展任务二：通过外部SHT40温湿度传感器，上传温湿度到HA，通过HA面板显示数据 搭配器件： Arduino UNO R4 WiFi、4885（SHT40温湿度传感器扩展板）、跳线 安装Adafruit SHT4X库 与光照传感器一样，焊接引脚，用例程测试温湿度传感器好坏 与HA结合程序如下 ``` #include "ArduinoHA.h" #include "OPAMP.h" #include "Wire.h" #include "WiFiS3.h" #include "arduino_secrets.h" #include "analogWave.h" #include "Adafruit_LTR329_LTR303.h" #include "Adafruit_SHT4x.h" Adafruit_SHT4x sht4 = Adafruit_SHT4x(); analogWave wave(DAC); Adafruit_LTR303 ltr = Adafruit_LTR303(); int status= WL_IDLE_STATUS; unsigned long lastUpdateAt=0; int freg=1;//max200 Hz limit by serial print WiFiClient client; HADevice device(MQTT_CLIENT_ID);//HADevice device (mac, sizeof(mac)); HAMqtt mqtt(client,device); HASensorNumber humidity2("myhumidity"); HASensorNumber Temperature2("Temperature"); HAButton buttonON("myButtonON"); HAButton buttonOFF("myButtonOFF"); void setup() { pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); Serial.begin(115200); wifi_and_mqtt_init(); analogReadResolution(14);//change to 14-bit resolution wave.sine(freg);//wave.saw(freg); wave.amplitude(0.5); OPAMP.begin(OPAMP_SPEED_HIGHSPEED); device.setName("Arduino"); device.setSoftwareVersion("1.0.0"); buttonON.setIcon("mdi:fire"); buttonON.setName("Click me ON"); buttonOFF.setIcon("mdi:home"); buttonOFF.setName("click me OFF"); buttonON.onCommand(onButtonCommand);//press callbacks buttonOFF.onCommand(onButtonCommand); while (!Serial) delay(10); // will pause Zero, Leonardo, etc until serial console opens if (! sht4.begin()) { Serial.println("Couldn't find SHT4x"); while (1) delay(1); } Serial.println(sht4.readSerial(), HEX); // You can have 3 different precisions, higher precision takes longer sht4.setPrecision(SHT4X_HIGH_PRECISION); //精度 // You can have 6 different heater settings // higher heat and longer times uses more power // and reads will take longer too! sht4.setHeater(SHT4X_NO_HEATER);//加热传感器 } void loop() { bool valid; uint16_t visible_plus_ir, infrared; sensors_event_t humidity, temp; sht4.getEvent(&humidity, &temp);// populate temp and humidity objects with fresh data Serial.print("Temperature: "); Serial.print(temp.temperature); Serial.println(" degrees C"); Serial.print("Humidity: "); Serial.print(humidity.relative_humidity); Serial.println("% rH"); mqtt.loop(); //检查是否有新的数据可用 if (sht4.getEvent(&humidity, &temp)) { if((millis() - lastUpdateAt) > 1000) {//update in 1s interval Temperature2.setValue(temp.temperature); humidity2.setValue(humidity.relative_humidity); lastUpdateAt =millis(); } } } void onMqttMessage(const char* topic, const uint8_t* payload, uint16_t length) { char message[length]; memcpy(message,payload,length); message[length]= '\0'; Serial.print("dbglNew message on topic:"); Serial.println(topic); Serial.print("Data:"); Serial.println((const char*)message); if(strstr(message,"on")!=NULL) { int dutyCycle=0; if (sscanf(message,"on#%d",&dutyCycle)==1) { } } else if(strstr(message,"off")!=NULL) { } else { Serial.println("Unrecognized message"); } memset(message,0, length); } void onMqttConnected() { Serial.println("Connected to the broker!"); //You can subscribe to custom topic if you need mqtt.subscribe(TOPIC_SUBSCRIBE);//command //mqtt.subscribe(TOPIC SUBSCRIBE2)://status Serial.println("subscribed to topic:" TOPIC_SUBSCRIBE); mqtt.publish(TOPIC_SUBSCRIBE,"Hi EMOX I'mArdinO UNO R4 WIFI^^"); } void onMqttDisconnected() { Serial.println("Disconnected from the broker!"); } void onMqttStateChanged(HAMqtt::ConnectionState state) { Serial.print("MoTT state changed to:"); Serial.println(static_cast(state)); } void onButtonCommand(HAButton* sender) { if(sender ==&buttonON) { Serial.print("[dbg]buttonON");// button A was clicked, do your logic hereelse digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH); } else if(sender==&buttonOFF) { Serial.print("[dbg]buttonOFF");// button B was clicked, do your logic here digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW); } } void wifi_and_mqtt_init() { //check for the WiFi module: if(WiFi.status()==WL_NO_MODULE) { Serial.println("Communication with WiFi module failed!"); while (true); } String fv = WiFi.firmwareVersion(); if(fv < WIFI_FIRMWARE_LATEST_VERSION) { Serial.println("Please upgrade the firmware"); } //attempt to connect to wiFi network; while(status!=WL_CONNECTED) { Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID:"); Serial.println(SECRET_SSID); //Connect to WPA/WPA2 network, Change this line if using open or WEP network; status=WiFi.begin(SECRET_SSID,SECRET_PASS); delay(10000); } Serial.println("\nStarting connection to MoTT server..."); mqtt.onMessage(onMqttMessage); mqtt.onConnected(onMqttConnected); mqtt.onDisconnected(onMqttDisconnected); mqtt.onStateChanged(onMqttStateChanged); //If you want to change prefix only for non-discovery prefix: mqtt.setDataPrefix("UNO"); if(!mqtt.begin(MQTT_SERVER,MQTT_PORT,MQTT_USERNAME,MQTT_PASSWORD)) { Serial.print("Failed, rC="); Serial.print(mqtt.getState());//0btaining state of the MoTr connection: Serial.println("tryagain in 5 seconds"); delay(5000); } } ``` 运行效果如下 对着传感器哈气后温度湿度都有所上升，温度从30度上升至35度。湿度由60%上升到90% ### 流程图 # 项目总结 在这个精彩纷呈的“Follow me”第二季项目中，我有幸深入探索了Arduino UNO R4 WiF这一功能强大的开发板，并从中获得了许多宝贵的知识和技能。通过这个项目，我掌握了如何自己搭建物联网服务器，花了我具多时间，一度想要放弃，感谢小助手从中的鼓励。同时也掌握了本地传感器数据上传。 在温度和光照传感器的学习过程中，我了解到了环境监测的重要性，并且学会了如何通过编程来收集和分析这些数据。这些技能在物联网（IoT）和智能家居项目中尤为重要，为我打开了一扇通往未来技术的大门。 这些项目的实践操作不仅锻炼了我的动手能力，更重要的是，它们加深了我对硬件编程的理解。我学会了如何将抽象的编程概念应用到具体的硬件设备上，并且能够解决实际问题。 我非常感激EEWorld和Digi-Key提供的这次学习机会。这次经历不仅丰富了我的技术储备，也为我未来的电子项目和职业生涯打下了坚实的基础。我期待着将这些新学到的技能应用到更多的创新项目中，并且希望能够继续在电子和编程领域不断探索和成长。 # 项目程序 # End

加入了学习《【Follow me第二季第1期】全部任务演示短视频》，观看 【Follow me第二季第1期】任务演示视频

上传了资料： 【Follow me第二季第1期】Adafruit Circuit Playground Express 代码

加入了学习《【得捷电子Follow me第2期】+项目汇报视频》，观看 【得捷电子Follow me第2期】+项目汇报视频

加入了学习《【Follow me第二季第1期】全部任务演示》，观看 全部任务演示2.0

加入了学习《FollowMe 第二季： 1 Adafruit Circuit Playground Express及任务讲解》，观看 Adafruit Circuit Playground Express 及任务讲解

发表了主题帖： Follow me第二季第1期】汇总贴：Adafruit Circuit Playground Express学习

本帖最后由 md-llama-com 于 2024-10-10 11:17 编辑 Follow me 第二季终于来了，又可以白嫖技术白嫖板子了 ~ 闲话少说 ~开启今日份任务汇总 # [汇总视频链接](https://training.eeworld.com.cn/video/40996 "汇总视频链接") # 全部物料清单（含物料名称、实物图片） 1.Adafruit Circuit Playground Express 2.USB线一根 3.杜邦线，跳线若干 4.水果，苹果什么的 # 必做任务 ## 入门任务（必做）：开发环境搭建，板载LED点亮 ### 步骤 1.连接到 USB ### 步骤 2.按 RESET 进入 bootloader 模式 一定要绿色才是连上 ### 步骤 3.打开arduino在左侧栏的Boards Manager，安装arduino SAMD 安装好后就能在工具一栏看到这个板子了 ### 步骤 4.点亮LED 想要点亮一个LED，首先你要知道这块板子的引脚布局 D13正是这次要点亮的LED 在Arduino上新建项目并定义13号引脚为输出引脚 设定其高电平2秒低电平1秒 ```cpp void setup() { pinMode(13, OUTPUT); } void loop() { digitalWrite(13, HIGH); delay(2000); digitalWrite(13, LOW); delay(1000); } ``` **下面是效果** ## 基础任务一（必做）：控制板载炫彩LED，跑马灯点亮和颜色变换 搭配器件： Adafruit Circuit Playground Express 跑马灯要用到彩色LED，与Adafruit_NeoPixel.h库。 其实跑马灯就是让颜色一次更替点亮形成的效果 ```code #include #define PIN 8 // 定义按钮引脚 #define BUTTON_BRIGHTNESS 4 // 调节亮度 #define BUTTON_EFFECT 5 // 切换效果 #define NUM_LEDS 10 //LED灯数量 Adafruit_NeoPixel strip = Adafruit_NeoPixel(NUM_LEDS, PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ400); int brightness = 50; void setup() { strip.begin(); strip.setBrightness(brightness); strip.show(); Serial.begin(9600); } void loop() { // 执行当前效果 Cycle(5); } // 使彩虹色均匀分布 void Cycle(uint8_t wait) { uint16_t i, j; for (j = 0; j < 256 * 5; j++) { for (i = 0; i < strip.numPixels(); i++) { strip.setPixelColor(i, Wheel(((i * 256 / strip.numPixels()) + j) & 255)); } strip.show(); delay(wait); } } uint32_t Wheel(byte WheelPos) { WheelPos = 255 - WheelPos; if (WheelPos < 85) { return strip.Color(255 - WheelPos * 3, 0, WheelPos * 3); } if (WheelPos < 170) { WheelPos -= 85; return strip.Color(0, WheelPos * 3, 255 - WheelPos * 3); } WheelPos -= 170; return strip.Color(WheelPos * 3, 255 - WheelPos * 3, 0); } ``` **流程图** **效果如下** ## 基础任务二（必做）：监测环境温度和光线，通过板载LED展示舒适程度 搭配器件： Adafruit Circuit Playground Express 这个任务要用到板载传感器,以及Adafruit_CircuitPlayground.h库 搜索库Circuit Playground就可找到，这个库需要安装很多依赖 光照强度传感器在左侧那么就让左侧彩色LED显示光照强度，光照越亮LED点亮的越多，光照强度以50为单位。500为上限。 `map` 函数的工作原理是线性插值。它按照以下公式计算新的值： 这意味着 `brightness` 的值会被线性地缩放到0到100的范围内。例如，如果 `brightness` 是250，那么 `overallBrightness` 将会是50。 温度强度传感器在右侧那么就让右侧彩色LED显示温度强度，温度越高LED点亮的越多，今天天气30多度，那么设定30度亮3个LED ```cpp #include int prevTempLedCount = -1; // 初始化 int prevBrightnessLedCount = -1; // 初始化 void setup() { CircuitPlayground.begin(); } void loop() { displayTemperature(); displayBrightness(); delay(1000); // 每秒更新 } void displayTemperature() { float temperature = CircuitPlayground.temperature() - 6;//校准，板载温度影响6度 int ledCount = 3; // 30-35度时亮三颗 uint32_t color = CircuitPlayground.colorWheel(85); // 绿色 if (temperature < 30) { ledCount = max(0, 3 - (30 - temperature) / 5); color = CircuitPlayground.colorWheel(170); // 蓝色 } else if (temperature > 35) { ledCount = min(5, 3 + (temperature - 35) / 5); color = CircuitPlayground.colorWheel(0); // 红色 } // 如果LED数量没有变化，则不更新 if (ledCount != prevTempLedCount) { for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { if (i < ledCount) { CircuitPlayground.setPixelColor(5+i, color); } else { CircuitPlayground.setPixelColor(5+i, 0); // 关闭LED } } prevTempLedCount = ledCount; // 更新上一次的LED数量 } } void displayBrightness() { int brightness = CircuitPlayground.lightSensor(); int ledCount = min(5, brightness / 50); // 亮度每增加50 LED增加一颗 uint8_t overallBrightness = map(brightness, 0, 500, 0, 100); // 如果LED数量没有变化，则不更新 if (ledCount != prevBrightnessLedCount) { for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { if (i < ledCount) { CircuitPlayground.setPixelColor(4-i, 255, 255, 255); // 白色 } else { CircuitPlayground.setPixelColor(4-i, 0); // 关闭LED } } prevBrightnessLedCount = ledCount; // 更新上一次的LED数量 } } ``` **流程图** **下面是温度效果，用的开水壶加热** **下面是光照强度效果** ## 基础任务三（必做）：接近检测——设定安全距离并通过板载LED展示，检测到入侵时，发起声音报警 搭配器件： Adafruit Circuit Playground Express 这个任务要用到板载传感器,以及Adafruit_CircuitPlayground.h库，红外发送及红外接收传感器。 定义红外接收和发射的引脚 const int irTransmitterPin = 25; //引脚定义 const int irReceiverPin = A10; analogRead函数读取红外接收的数值 analogRead(irReceiverPin); 用串口输出LED点亮情况和距离情况 下面是程序内容 ```code #include #define SAFE_DISTANCE 450 // 定义安全距离 const int alertTone = 1000; // 警报音调 const int iTPin = 25; //引脚定义 const int iRPin = A10; void setup() { CircuitPlayground.begin(); Serial.begin(9600); // pinMode(iRPin, INPUT); // 红外传感器输入 pinMode(iTPin, OUTPUT);// 红外led输出 delay(100); } void loop() { sendIRPulse(); int distance = analogRead(iRPin); // 读取红外传感器的值 // 打印距离 Serial.print("Distance: "); Serial.println(distance); Distance(distance); checkForIntrusion(distance); delay(300); } void Distance(int distance) { int ledCount = map(distance, 290, SAFE_DISTANCE, 1, 10); // 将距离值映射到0-10的LED数量 Serial.print("LED Count: "); Serial.println(ledCount); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { if (i < ledCount) { CircuitPlayground.setPixelColor(i, 0, 255, 0); } else { CircuitPlayground.setPixelColor(i, 0); } } } void checkForIntrusion(int distance) { if (distance > SAFE_DISTANCE) { Serial.println("Intrusion detected!"); playAlertTone(); } } void sendIRPulse() { for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++) { digitalWrite(iTPin, HIGH); delayMicroseconds(13); digitalWrite(iTPin, LOW); delayMicroseconds(13); } } void playAlertTone() { CircuitPlayground.playTone(alertTone, 500); // 播放警报音500ms } ``` **流程图** **下面是演示** ## 进阶任务（必做）：制作不倒翁——展示不倒翁运动过程中的不同灯光效果 搭配器件： Adafruit Circuit Playground Express、不倒翁 这个任务要用到板载陀螺仪传感器,以及Adafruit_CircuitPlayground.h库和math.h库 不倒翁的制作需要读取加速度传感器的XYZ轴数据，并根据这些数据来控制LED灯的颜色和亮度。 因为加速度传感器给出的数据是非整数，所以定义XYZ为浮点型 float x = CircuitPlayground.motionX(); float y = CircuitPlayground.motionY(); float z = CircuitPlayground.motionZ(); 使用 sqrt(Y x Y + Z x Z) 和 sqrt(X x X + Z x Z) 来计算与水平面的夹角，这样可以更准确地反映角度。 然后将角度映射到10个小灯位置上用的是if语句判断 **下面是程序** ```code #include #include void setup() { CircuitPlayground.begin(); Serial.begin(9600); } void loop() { float x = CircuitPlayground.motionX(); float y = CircuitPlayground.motionY(); float z = CircuitPlayground.motionZ(); // 计算与水平面夹角 float angleX = atan2(x, sqrt(y * y + z * z)) * 180 / PI; float angleY = atan2(y, sqrt(x * x + z * z)) * 180 / PI; int ledToLight = -1; // 映射到彩色灯珠 if (angleX > 11) { if (angleY < -11) ledToLight = 1; else if (angleY > 11) ledToLight = 3; else ledToLight = 2; } else if (angleX < -11) { if (angleY < -11) ledToLight = 8; else if (angleY > 11) ledToLight = 6; else ledToLight = 7; } else { if (angleY > 11) { ledToLight = 4; } else if (angleY < -11) { ledToLight = 0; } } if (ledToLight == -1) { for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { CircuitPlayground.setPixelColor(i, CircuitPlayground.colorWheel(51)); // 水平时都点亮51代表颜色85是绿色0是红色 } } else { for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { if (i == ledToLight || (ledToLight == 4 && i == 5) || (ledToLight == 0 && i == 9)) { CircuitPlayground.setPixelColor(i, CircuitPlayground.colorWheel(32));//32代表颜色 } else { CircuitPlayground.setPixelColor(i, 0); } } } delay(100); } ``` **流程图** **效果如下** # 创意任务（选做，选择其中一个或多个都可） ## 创意任务三：水果钢琴——通过触摸水果弹奏音乐，并配合灯光效果 搭配器件： Adafruit Circuit Playground Express、水果我选的是苹果 其实就是把引脚视为电容开关，手触摸水果，引脚电容发生改变，从而被单片机检测到，最终让蜂鸣器发出声音 程序如下图 ```code #include #define CAP_SAMPLES 10 #define TONE_DURATION_MS 100 uint16_t CAP_THRESHOLD = 1000; void setup() { CircuitPlayground.begin(); Serial.begin(115200); } unsigned long clearTime; void playToneAndLightLEDs(int touchPoint) { CircuitPlayground.clearPixels(); clearTime = millis(); int tones[] = {261, 293, 329, 349, 392, 440, 494}; int tone = tones[touchPoint - 15]; CircuitPlayground.playTone(tone, TONE_DURATION_MS); for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { bool light = true; switch (touchPoint) { case 15: light = i != 5; break; case 16: light = i != 5 && i != 6; break; case 17: light = i != 5 && i != 6 && i != 7; break; case 18: light = i < 5; break; case 19: light = i > 0 && i < 5; break; case 20: light = i > 1 && i < 5; break; case 21: light = i > 2 && i < 5; break; } if (light) { CircuitPlayground.strip.setPixelColor(i, CircuitPlayground.colorWheel(256 / 10 * (i + 1))); } } CircuitPlayground.strip.show(); } void loop() { if (millis() - clearTime > 2000) { CircuitPlayground.clearPixels(); } for (int i = 15; i CAP_THRESHOLD) { playToneAndLightLEDs(i); } } } ``` **流程图** 下面是手直接触摸的效果 接下来就是把A1,A2,A3,A4,A5,A6,A7接上线插入苹果中啦 # 项目总结 这次Follow me 第二季真的学到好多东西，基于Adafruit Circuit Playground Express 学到了红外测距，学到了触摸控制，温度，光照传感器，也学到了加速度传感器等等。通过这些项目，我不仅增强了自己的实践操作技能，同时也加深了我对硬件编程的认识。特别感谢EEWorld和Digi-Key提供这次宝贵的体验机会。

加入了学习《【Follow me第二季第一期】任务汇总（by cyz6668）》，观看 【Follow me第二季第一期】任务汇总（by cyz6668）