发表了主题帖： 【Follow me第二季第2期】智能家庭空气质量监测仪

本帖最后由 shazhongjin 于 2024-11-1 17:56 编辑 **首先感谢 DigiKey得捷 | 电子工程世界EEWorld 举办的Follow me活动，与得捷电子一起解锁开发板的超能力！** ## 前言 大家好，我是沙忠金，一名电子小白。 本期的主板Arduino UNO R4 WiFi，前期几期一直在使用MicroPython 以及 CircuitPython，对于Arduino一直只是门外汉。一直停留在听说过从来未使用过。一直感觉Arduino会很难有抵触情绪在里面。也是借着这次任务学习一下Arduino。 本次任务还有一个很吸引的点就是，可以学习一下开发板如何与HomeAssistant连接以及传输数据。毕竟有再多再好的板子没使用场景、没有想法也是沦为吃灰的玩具。恰好新房子刚刚装修，也是在考虑智能家居的实际应用场景，新房最担心的就是空气质量、甲醛等问题了。那么本次主题为“【Follow me第二季第2期】智能家庭空气质量监测仪” ## 项目介绍 本项目包含以下内容： 入门任务（必做）：搭建环境并开启第一步Blink / 串口打印Hello EEWorld！ 搭配器件： [Arduino UNO R4 WiFi](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/arduino/ABX00087/20371539) 基础任务（必做）：驱动12x8点阵LED；用DAC生成正弦波；用OPAMP放大DAC信号；用ADC采集并且打印数据到串口等其他接口可上传到上位机显示曲线 搭配器件： [Arduino UNO R4 WiFi](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/arduino/ABX00087/20371539) 进阶任务（必做）：通过Wi-Fi，利用MQTT协议接入到开源的智能家居平台HA（HomeAssistant） 搭配器件： [Arduino UNO R4 WiFi](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/arduino/ABX00087/20371539) 扩展任务(必做，二选一，或根据自己的兴趣，自定义类似难度或更高难度的任务并完成） ■  **扩展任务一：通过外部LTR-329 环境光传感器，上传光照度到HA，通过HA面板显示数据** 搭配器件： [Arduino UNO R4 WiFi](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/arduino/ABX00087/20371539)、[5591](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/5591/16733167)（LTR-329光传感器扩展板）、[PRT-14426](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/sparkfun-electronics/PRT-14426/7652739)（Qwiic缆线-50mm） ■  **扩展任务二：通过外部SHT40温湿度传感器，上传温湿度到HA，通过HA面板显示数据** 搭配器件： [Arduino UNO R4 WiFi](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/arduino/ABX00087/20371539)、[4885](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/4885/13694670)（SHT40温湿度传感器扩展板）、[PRT-14426](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/sparkfun-electronics/PRT-14426/7652739)（Qwiic缆线-50mm） 本项目视频及源码： - 视频 [【Follow me第二季第2期】智能家庭空气质量监测仪视频展示](https://training.eeworld.com.cn/video/41250) - 源码 [【Follow me第二季第2期】智能家庭空气质量监测仪代码展示](https://download.eeworld.com.cn/detail/shazhongjin/634545) ## 开箱及展示 购买的配件有：  [Arduino UNO R4 WiFi](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/arduino/ABX00087/20371539)  [4885](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/4885/13694670)（SHT40温湿度传感器扩展板）    开箱全家福： ## 任务成果展示及说明 ### 一、入门任务 搭建环境并开启第一步Blink / 串口打印Hello EEWorld！ #### 1. 硬件介绍 本期使用主板是：[Arduino UNO R4 WiFi](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/arduino/ABX00087/20371539) 是一款基于32位Arm® Cortex®-M4 Renesas RA4M1微控制器，具有用于 Wi-Fi® 和蓝牙连接的ESP32模块，具备强大的计算能力和多种连接功能。该板SRAM 32kB，闪存256kB，时钟频率为48MHz，USB端口升级为USB-C，并且最大电源供应电压增加到24V。该板提供了一个CAN总线，允许用户通过连接多个扩展板来最小化布线并执行不同的任务。板载的Qwiic 连接器可以方便地创建即插即用风格的项目。   #### 2. 搭建开发环境 1. 访问arduino官网 [https://www.arduino.cc/](https://www.arduino.cc/) ，在官网中点击SOFTWARE进入IDE下载界面。 2. 在Downloads下根据您的操作系统选择适合的安装程序，这里我们选择第一项Windows Win 10 and newer，64bits 3. 找到下载的安装程序“arduino-ide_2.3.2_Windows_64bit”安装后，运行IDE。 4. 点击在左侧开发板管理，也可以通过菜单“工具——开发板——开发板管理”。安装Arduino UNO R4 Boards， 5. 将开发板连接电脑，点击菜单“工具——端口”选择开发板板的端口。可以在连接前后对比多出来的端口就是开发板端口。 6. 点击菜单“工具——开发板”选择Arduino UNO R4 Boards——Arduino UNO R4 WiFi。 7. 随后我们就可以在主界面上来切换不同端口的开发板设备了。 #### 3. Blink / 串口打印Hello EEWorld！ 1. 我们同时间隔1s控制板载LED灯开与关，以及向串口输出“Hello EEWorld！”。点击上传等待代码编译及上传后。 2. 点击IDE右上角的“串口监视器”就可以看到开发板向电脑串口输出的消息了。这里还需要注意，开启串口的波特率要与串口监视器的波特率一致才能接收到消息。 #### 4. 软件流程图 #### 5. 代码展示 Follow_me2_task1.ino ``` c++ void setup() {   Serial.begin(9600);   while (!Serial)     delay(10); } void loop() {   digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);   delay(1000);   digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);   delay(1000);   Serial.println("Hello EEWorld！"); } ``` 运行展示 [localvideo]9e5a6e8bb2eb97005b46f5355cf24585[/localvideo] ### 二、基础任务 驱动12x8点阵LED；用DAC生成正弦波；用OPAMP放大DAC信号；用ADC采集并且打印数据到串口等其他接口可上传到上位机显示曲线。 这个任务中有多个任务，我们逐一击破。 #### 1. 驱动12x8点阵LED； **Arduino UNO R4 WiFi** 带有一个内置的 12x8 LED 矩阵，可用于编程以显示图形、动画、充当界面，甚至玩游戏。  IDE中为我们提供了丰富的示例项目，帮助我们更快的了解每种功能的使用方法。 我们也可以通过官方提供的 LED 矩阵工具[Led Matrix Editor (arduino.cc)](https://ledmatrix-editor.arduino.cc/)来自定义自己的动画。然后点击右上角代码图标，生成下载“animation.h”。 ##### 1. 软件流程图 ##### 2. 代码展示 Follow_me2_task2_1.ino ``` c++ #include "Arduino_LED_Matrix.h" #include ArduinoLEDMatrix matrix; const uint32_t animation[][4] = {   {     0xfff801bd,     0xd8018018,     0x31801fff,     66   },   {     0xfff801bd,     0xd8018018,     0x71801fff,     66   },   {     0xfff801bd,     0xd8018818,     0x71801fff,     66   } }; void setup() {   Serial.begin(115200);   // you can also load frames at runtime, without stopping the refresh   matrix.loadSequence(animation);   matrix.begin();   // turn on autoscroll to avoid calling next() to show the next frame; the parameter is in milliseconds   // matrix.autoscroll(300);   matrix.play(true);   pinMode(LED_BUILTIN, OUTPUT); } void loop() {   digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);   delay(1000);   digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);   delay(1000); } ``` ##### 3. 视频展示 [localvideo]f91a2ee6b0d3fe0e316b75dbc3ba1742[/localvideo] --- 更多详细用法参考官方文档：[使用 Arduino UNO R4 WiFi LED 矩阵 |Arduino 文档](https://docs.arduino.cc/tutorials/uno-r4-wifi/led-matrix/) #### 2. 用DAC生成正弦波； **DAC** —— Analog to Digital Converter 用于将数字信号转换为模拟信号。 由于没有示波器，这里使用开发板的DA0接口来采集正弦波。连接示意如下： ##### 1. 软件流程图 ##### 2. 代码展示 Follow_me2_task2_2.ino ``` c++ #include "analogWave.h" // Include the library for analog waveform generation analogWave wave(DAC);   // Create an instance of the analogWave class, using the DAC pin int freq = 100;  // in hertz, change accordingly void setup() {   Serial.begin(115200);  // Initialize serial communication at a baud rate of 115200   wave.sine(freq);       // Generate a sine wave with the initial frequency   wave.amplitude(0.5);   //幅值倍数 } void loop() {   Serial.print(analogRead(A5));   delayMicroseconds(100);   } ``` 读取的波形展示 ##### 3. 视频展示 [localvideo]5853938174ca279838fb5265ae035094[/localvideo] --- 更多详细用法参考官方文档：[Arduino UNO R4 WiFi Digital-to-Analog Converter (DAC) | Arduino Documentation](https://docs.arduino.cc/tutorials/uno-r4-wifi/dac/) #### 3. 用OPAMP放大DAC信号； OPAMP —— Operational Amplifier 运算放大器，是一种用途广泛且应用广泛的电子元件，属于模拟集成电路类。它的主要功能是放大电压信号，但它们的用途非常广泛，可用于： - 将输入电压镜像到其输出， - 放大一个小的模拟电压到其输出引脚，UNO R4 的输出电压范围为 0 至 ~4.7 V， - 比较两个输入电压并给出二进制“更高”或“更低”输出， - 集成和区分信号。 连接示意如下： #### 4. 用ADC采集并且打印数据到串口等其他接口可上传到上位机显示曲线。 ##### 1. 软件流程图 ##### 2. 代码展示 Follow_me2_task2_4.ino ``` c++ #include "analogWave.h" // Include the library for analog waveform generation #include analogWave wave(DAC);   // Create an instance of the analogWave class, using the DAC pin int freq = 200;  // in hertz, change accordingly void setup() {   Serial.begin(2000000);  // Initialize serial communication at a baud rate of 115200   analogReadResolution(14);   wave.sine(freq);       // Generate a sine wave with the initial frequency   wave.amplitude(0.5);//幅值倍数   OPAMP.begin(OPAMP_SPEED_HIGHSPEED); } void loop() {   Serial.print(analogRead(A4));   Serial.print(",");   Serial.println(analogRead(A5));   delayMicroseconds(100); } ``` 编译上传代码，在IDE点击“串口绘图仪”查看 ##### 3. 视频展示 [localvideo]23c5d804b62cadfe75a6d1042ffcb81e[/localvideo] ### 三、进阶任务 通过Wi-Fi，利用MQTT协议接入到开源的智能家居平台HA（HomeAssistant） #### 1. 硬件介绍 | 硬件                               | 链接、资料                                                                                                                                                                                   | 图片                                                           | | -------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------ | | Arduino UNO R4 WiFi              | [Getting Started with UNO R4 WiFi Arduino Documentation](https://docs.arduino.cc/tutorials/uno-r4-wifi/r4-wifi-getting-started/)                                                     |  | | Adafruit Sensirion SHT40 Tempera | [Adafruit Sensirion SHT40, SHT41 & SHT45 Temperature & Humidity Sensors Adafruit Learning System](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-sht40-temperature-humidity-sensor) | | #### 2. 环境配置 ##### 1. HomeAssistant搭建 首先我们先搭建homeassistant环境，这里我使用unraid系统。相较于windows或者是linux上使用命令行会容易许多。 直接在工作台首页中点击“应用”，在应用页面下搜索“homeassistant”。unraid会列出忧患homeassistant的应用。第一个为直接docker拉取镜像的core版的ha，第二个为通过docker安装的虚拟机版的ha也就是os版ha。各个版本差异如下： 这里我就直接安装docker版ha，安装时需要配置下webui的端口号8123默认即可。点击应用后就会自动拉取镜像并且运行。 在浏览器中输入\[IP]\:\[PORT\] 我这里是http://192.168.2.200:8123/，进入homeassistant的webui界面。 ##### 2. MQTT服务器搭建 在工作台首页中点击“应用”，在应用页面下搜索“emqx”。只有一个搜索结果，我们直接安装就好了。 安装后容器自动运行。 在浏览器中输入\[IP]\:\[PORT\] 我这里是http://192.168.2.200:18083/，进入emqx的webui界面。 ##### 3. 配置MQTT 进入homeassistant的webui界面，点击左侧设置标签，在页面中点击设备与服务。 在右下角点击添加集成，在弹出的选择品牌或集成对话框中输入“mqtt”。 然后选择第一个MQTT。 输入MQTT服务器的地址、端口、用户名及密码，这里我的homeassistant与emqx在同一网段内，这里我直接填写内网的IP地址，端口为默认的1883。 连接成功后会提示“成功”，并设置区域。这里直接点击完成即可。 配置完成后，MQTT设备以及实体情况。 #### 3. 软件流程图 1. 初始化： - 设置Wi-Fi和MQTT参数。 - 初始化串口通信。 - 初始化SHT4x传感器。 2. Wi-Fi连接： - 尝试连接到指定的Wi-Fi网络，最多重试5次。 - 连接成功后，输出连接成功的消息。 3. 传感器初始化： - 初始化SHT4x传感器，设置精度和加热器配置。 - 输出传感器初始化完成的消息。 4. MQTT连接： - 连接到MQTT服务器。 - 设置设备名称、软件版本和传感器图标等。 5. 主循环： - 每隔5秒读取温湿度传感器数据。 - 将读取到的数据通过MQTT发送到Home Assistant。 - 处理按钮命令，控制板载LED的开关状态。 #### 4. 代码展示 Follow_me2_task3.ino ``` c++ #include "WiFiS3.h" #include "SPI.h" #include "Adafruit_SHT4x.h" #include "ArduinoHA.h" #include "arduino_secrets.h" #include "arduino_mqtt.h" char sta_ssid[] = SECRET_STA_SSID;  // your network SSID (name) char sta_pass[] = SECRET_STA_PASS;  // your network password (use for WPA, or use as key for WEP) char addr[] = MQTT_BROKER_ADDR; int port = MQTT_BROKER_PORT; char username[] = MQTT_BROKER_USERNAME; char password[] = MQTT_BROKER_PASSWORD;   int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS; // Sensor read intervals (in milliseconds) const unsigned long sensorCInterval = 5000;  // other Sensor read intervals 5s const unsigned long reconnectInterval = 600000; // Last time the sensors were read unsigned long previousMillisC = 0; unsigned long previousMillisReconnect = 0;    WiFiClient client; // Arduino Home Assistant integration HADevice device("arduino"); //HADevice device(mac, sizeof(mac)); HAMqtt mqtt(client, device);    Adafruit_SHT4x sht4 = Adafruit_SHT4x(); HASensor sht4_temperature_sensor("sht4_temperature_sensor"); HASensor sht4_relative_humidity_sensor("sht4_relative_humidity_sensor"); HAButton board_led("board_led"); void setup() {   Serial.begin(9600);   while (!Serial)     delay(10);       Adafruit_SHT4x_Init();   reconnect();   device.setName("arduino uno r4 wifi");   device.setSoftwareVersion("1.0.0");     sht4_temperature_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   sht4_temperature_sensor.setName("Temperature");   sht4_temperature_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("°C");   sht4_relative_humidity_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   sht4_relative_humidity_sensor.setName("Humidity");   sht4_relative_humidity_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("%");   board_led.setIcon("mdi:fire");   board_led.setName("Click me A");   board_led.onCommand(onButtonCommand);      mqtt.setKeepAlive(60);     mqtt.begin(addr,port,username,password); }    void loop() {   unsigned long currentMillis = millis();   mqtt.loop();      char tempbuffer[10];   char humibuffer[10];      // 非阻塞读取sht40传感器数据 5s   if (currentMillis - previousMillisC >= sensorCInterval) {     previousMillisC = currentMillis;     // 获取温湿度传感器sht40数据     sensors_event_t humi, temp;     sht4.getEvent(&humi, &temp);        Serial.print("Temperature: ");  Serial.print(temp.temperature);  Serial.println("℃");     Serial.print("Humidity: ");  Serial.print(humi.relative_humidity);  Serial.println("% rH");     dtostrf(temp.temperature, 6, 2, tempbuffer);     dtostrf(humi.relative_humidity, 6, 2, humibuffer);        sht4_temperature_sensor.setValue(tempbuffer);     sht4_relative_humidity_sensor.setValue(humibuffer);   } } void onButtonCommand(HAButton* sender) {     if (sender == &board_led) {       if (digitalRead(LED_BUILTIN) == HIGH){         digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);         Serial.println("LED light off");       }       else{         digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);         Serial.println("LED light on");       }     } } void reconnect() {   Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");   Serial.print(sta_ssid);     int i = 0;   while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {     Serial.print(".");     status = WiFi.begin(sta_ssid, sta_pass);     i++;     if (status == WL_CONNECTED){       Serial.println("Connected to WiFi successfully");       //Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());       break;     }     if(i == 5)       break;     delay(5000);   } } void Adafruit_SHT4x_Init() {   Serial.println("Adafruit SHT4x Initializing...");   if (!sht4.begin(&Wire1)) {     Serial.println("Couldn't find SHT4x");     while (1) delay(1);   }   Serial.println("Found SHT4x sensor");   Serial.print("Serial number 0x");   Serial.println(sht4.readSerial(), HEX);   // You can have 3 different precisions, higher precision takes longer   sht4.setPrecision(SHT4X_HIGH_PRECISION);   switch (sht4.getPrecision()) {     case SHT4X_HIGH_PRECISION:       Serial.println("High precision");       break;     case SHT4X_MED_PRECISION:       Serial.println("Med precision");       break;     case SHT4X_LOW_PRECISION:       Serial.println("Low precision");       break;   }   // You can have 6 different heater settings   // higher heat and longer times uses more power   // and reads will take longer too!   sht4.setHeater(SHT4X_NO_HEATER);   switch (sht4.getHeater()) {     case SHT4X_NO_HEATER:       Serial.println("No heater");       break;     case SHT4X_HIGH_HEATER_1S:       Serial.println("High heat for 1 second");       break;     case SHT4X_HIGH_HEATER_100MS:       Serial.println("High heat for 0.1 second");       break;     case SHT4X_MED_HEATER_1S:       Serial.println("Medium heat for 1 second");       break;     case SHT4X_MED_HEATER_100MS:       Serial.println("Medium heat for 0.1 second");       break;     case SHT4X_LOW_HEATER_1S:       Serial.println("Low heat for 1 second");       break;     case SHT4X_LOW_HEATER_100MS:       Serial.println("Low heat for 0.1 second");       break;   }   Serial.println("Adafruit SHT4x Initialization Completed"); } ``` arduino_mqtt.h ``` c++ // MQTT服务链接 #define MQTT_BROKER_ADDR "emqx.inversedesign.net" // 这里输入你的mqtt服务器地址 #define MQTT_BROKER_PORT 1883 #define MQTT_BROKER_USERNAME "arduino uno r4 wifi" #define MQTT_BROKER_PASSWORD "arduino uno r4 wifi" ``` arduino_secrets.h ``` c++ // 双引号中输入你的 WIFI 账号密码 #define SECRET_STA_SSID "" #define SECRET_STA_PASS "" ``` #### 5. 视频演示 [localvideo]378f3ed02ebee24b3df64150ff8b19e3[/localvideo] ### 四、扩展任务 #### 1. 硬件介绍 | 硬件                               | 链接、资料                                                                                                                                                                                   | 图片                                                                                                                       | | -------------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ | | Arduino UNO R4 WiFi              | [Getting Started with UNO R4 WiFi Arduino Documentation](https://docs.arduino.cc/tutorials/uno-r4-wifi/r4-wifi-getting-started/)                                                     |                                                              | | Adafruit Sensirion SHT40 Tempera | [Overview Adafruit Sensirion SHT40, SHT41 & SHT45 Temperature & Humidity Sensors Adafruit Learning System](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-sht40-temperature-humidity-sensor) |                                                              | | 攀藤PMS7003——颗粒物传感器                | [PMS7003---激光颗粒物传感器-南昌攀藤科技有限公司 (plantower.com)](https://www.plantower.com/products_16/8.html)                                                                                           |                                                              | | 盛思锐SCD41——co2传感器                 | [SCD41-突破CO₂ 传感器尺寸壁垒 (sensirion.com)](https://sensirion.com/cn/products/product-catalog/SCD41)                                                                                          |                                                              | | DART WZ-H3-NK——HCHO传感器           | [WZ-H3-N型长寿命抗干扰甲醛检测模组-智能传感器模组-深圳市普晟传感技术有限公司-普晟传感-甲醛传感器-一氧化碳传感器-氢气传感器-普晟传感-氢气传感器-氨气传感器-硫化氢传感器-气体传感器-传感器公司 (szprosense.com)](https://www.szprosense.com/?list_28/79.html)                 |                                                              | | ENS160                           | [ENS16x Digital Metal-Oxide Multi-Gas Sensor Family - ScioSense](https://www.sciosense.com/ens16x-digital-metal-oxide-multi-gas-sensor-family/)                                         | | #### 2. 硬件连接 Adafruit Sht40 通过Qwiic线缆连接到Qwiic I2C插槽，SCD41 与 ENS160 与板载I2C引脚连接。查看Arduino UNO R4 WiFi开发板的原理图I2C的引脚没有没有连接上拉电阻，SCL与SDA分别与3.3v连接一个10kΩ的电阻。ENS160我购买的是已经焊接好的模块，需要一个3.3v和一个1.8v的供电，3.3v供电开发板上直接就可以获得但是1.8v没有直接来源，需要从5v或3.3v降到1.8v才行。经过查询资料以及淘宝，最终选择了AMS1117-1.8。 WZ-H3-NK的TX、RX与A2、A3连接使用软串口SoftwareSerial读取数据，PMS7003与A0、A1硬件串口连接。连接原型如下 元器件与开发板连接关系以及示例程序调试已经逐一调通，下面我们来为这些元器件设计个PCB。这是我第一次绘制PCB，在立创开源平台上找一些开源项目再配合搭配的元器件的基本电路，终于设计出自己的第一个PCB。在漫长的打样等待中。 经过了前几期的活动的不断学习尝试，焊接技术也有了十足的进步。焊接排针、排母这些连接器不需要事先找找感觉了。贴片元器件也是在几次尝试后成功的焊接上，并测试没有短路断路。 合体后的样子 #### 3. 必要环境搭建 mqtt服务器、homeassistant系统可参考、沿用进阶任务的环境。 #### 4. 软件流程图 1. 初始化： - 设置Wi-Fi和MQTT Broker的参数。 - 初始化各个传感器对象。 - 设置传感器读取间隔时间。 - 连接到MQTT Broker并设置回调函数。 2. 主循环： - 每10分钟检查网络连接状态，如果未连接则尝试重连。 - 每30秒检查是否需要开启PM传感器，如果需要则开启并读取数据，然后关闭。 - 每30秒检查是否需要读取HCHO传感器数据，如果需要则读取。 - 每5秒检查是否需要读取其他传感器（温湿度、VOC、二氧化碳）数据，如果需要则读取并发送数据。 3. 数据处理： - 将传感器数据转换为字符串格式。 - 通过MQTT将数据发送到Home Assistant。 #### 5. 代码展示 本项目中使用到的库 | 库名                         | 用途                                                                          | 项目地址                                                                                                                                                                          | | -------------------------- | --------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | | Adafruit SHT4x Library     | SHT4X 数字湿度 + 温度传感器的库。                                                       | [adafruit/Adafruit_SHT4X: Arduino driver for Adafruit SHT4X temperature / humidity breakout (github.com)](https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_SHT4x)                         | | WZ Library                 | 面向`达特WZ-S`、`普晟WZ-H3`、`炜盛ZE08-CH2O`系列甲醛传感器的Arduino开发库                        | https://github.com/leonlucc/WZ                                                                                                                                                | | PMS Library                | 用于 Plantower PMS 传感器的 Arduino 库。 支持 PMS x003 传感器（1003、3003、5003、6003、7003）。 | [fu-hsi/PMS: Arduino library for Plantower PMS x003 family sensors. (github.com)](https://github.com/fu-hsi/pms)                                                              | | Sensirion I2C SCD4x        | 这是使用 I2C 接口的 Arduino 的 Sensirion SCD4x 库。                                   | [Sensirion/arduino-i2c-scd4x: Arduino library for Sensirion SCD4x sensors (github.com)](https://github.com/Sensirion/arduino-i2c-scd4x)                                       | | ENS160 - Adafruit Fork     | 用于ENS160气体传感器的库。                                                            | [adafruit/ENS160_driver: Driver for the ScioSense ENS160 digital gas sensor (github.com)](https://github.com/adafruit/ENS160_driver)                                          | | home-assistant-integration | ArduinoHA 允许使用 MQTT 将基于 Arduino/ESP 的设备与 Home Assistant 集成。                 | [dawidchyrzynski/arduino-home-assistant： ArduinoHA 允许使用 MQTT 将基于 Arduino/ESP 的设备与 Home Assistant 集成。 (github.com)](https://github.com/dawidchyrzynski/arduino-home-assistant) | Follow_me2_expand_task.ino ``` c++ #include "WiFiS3.h" #include "SPI.h" #include "Adafruit_SHT4x.h" #include "WZ.h" #include "SoftwareSerial.h" #include "ScioSense_ENS160.h" #include "PMS.h" #include "SensirionI2CScd4x.h" #include "ArduinoHA.h" #include "arduino_secrets.h" #include "arduino_mqtt.h" char sta_ssid[] = SECRET_STA_SSID;  // your network SSID (name) char sta_pass[] = SECRET_STA_PASS;  // your network password (use for WPA, or use as key for WEP) char addr[] = MQTT_BROKER_ADDR; int port = MQTT_BROKER_PORT; char username[] = MQTT_BROKER_USERNAME; char password[] = MQTT_BROKER_PASSWORD; int status = WL_IDLE_STATUS; const byte PIN_RX = 3; const byte PIN_TX = 2; // Sensor read intervals (in milliseconds) const unsigned long sensorAStartInterval = 30000;  // pm Sensor read intervals 60s const unsigned long sensorAReadDuration = 60000;  // pm Sensor read intervals 60s const unsigned long sensorBInterval = 30000;  // hcho Sensor read intervals 60s const unsigned long sensorCInterval = 5000;  // other Sensor read intervals 5s const unsigned long reconnectInterval = 600000; // Last time the sensors were read unsigned long previousMillisA = 0; unsigned long previousMillisB = 0; unsigned long previousMillisC = 0; unsigned long previousMillisReconnect = 0; bool sensorActive = false;     WiFiClient client; // Arduino Home Assistant integration HADevice device("aiaq"); //HADevice device(mac, sizeof(mac)); HAMqtt mqtt(client, device); Adafruit_SHT4x sht4 = Adafruit_SHT4x(); SensirionI2CScd4x scd4x; ScioSense_ENS160 ens160(ENS160_I2CADDR_0); SoftwareSerial WzSoftSerial(PIN_RX, PIN_TX); WZ wz(WzSoftSerial); WZ::DATA hcho_data; PMS pms(Serial1); PMS::DATA data; HASensor sht4_temperature_sensor("sht4_temperature_sensor"); HASensor sht4_relative_humidity_sensor("sht4_relative_humidity_sensor"); HASensor pms7003_pm1_sensor("pms7003_pm1_sensor"); HASensor pms7003_pm2_5_sensor("pms7003_pm2_5_sensor"); HASensor pms7003_pm10_sensor("pms7003_pm10_sensor"); HASensor wz_h3_hcho_ppd_sensor("wz_h3_hcho_ppd_sensor"); HASensor wz_h3_hcho_ugm3_sensor("wz_h3_hcho_ugm3_sensor"); HASensor scd4_co2_sensor("co2"); HASensor ens160_aqi_sensor("aqi"); HASensor ens160_tvoc_sensor("tvoc"); HASensor ens160_eco2_sensor("eco2"); void setup() {   Serial.begin(9600);   while (!Serial)     delay(10);       Adafruit_SHT4x_Init();   WZ_Init();   ENS160_Init();   PMS_Init();   SCD41_Init();   reconnect();   device.setName("aiaq");   device.setSoftwareVersion("1.0.0");      sht4_temperature_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   sht4_temperature_sensor.setName("Temperature");   sht4_temperature_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("°C");   sht4_relative_humidity_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   sht4_relative_humidity_sensor.setName("Humidity");   sht4_relative_humidity_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("%");   pms7003_pm1_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   pms7003_pm1_sensor.setName("PM1");   pms7003_pm1_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("ug/m3");   pms7003_pm2_5_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   pms7003_pm2_5_sensor.setName("PM2.5");   pms7003_pm2_5_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("ug/m3");   pms7003_pm10_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   pms7003_pm10_sensor.setName("PM10");   pms7003_pm10_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("ug/m3");   wz_h3_hcho_ppd_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   wz_h3_hcho_ppd_sensor.setName("hcho");   wz_h3_hcho_ppd_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("ppd");   wz_h3_hcho_ugm3_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   wz_h3_hcho_ugm3_sensor.setName("hcho");   wz_h3_hcho_ugm3_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("ugm3");   scd4_co2_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   scd4_co2_sensor.setName("Co2");   scd4_co2_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("ppm");   ens160_aqi_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   ens160_aqi_sensor.setName("AQI");   ens160_aqi_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("");   ens160_eco2_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   ens160_eco2_sensor.setName("eCo2");   ens160_eco2_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("ppm");   ens160_tvoc_sensor.setIcon("mdi:home");   ens160_tvoc_sensor.setName("TVOC");   ens160_tvoc_sensor.setUnitOfMeasurement("ppb");   mqtt.onMessage(onMqttMessage);   mqtt.onConnected(onMqttConnected);   mqtt.onDisconnected(onMqttDisconnected);   mqtt.onStateChanged(onMqttStateChanged);   mqtt.setKeepAlive(60);     mqtt.begin(addr,port,username,password); } void loop() {   unsigned long currentMillis = millis();   mqtt.loop();   char pm1buffer[10];   char pm25buffer[10];   char pm10buffer[10];   char ppdbuffer[10];   char ugm3buffer[10];   char tempbuffer[10];   char humibuffer[10];   char aqibuffer[10];   char tvocbuffer[10];   char eco2buffer[10];   char co2buffer[10];   // 非阻塞检查网络连接并重连 10min   if (currentMillis - previousMillisReconnect >= reconnectInterval) {     previousMillisReconnect = currentMillis;       if (!client.connected()){         reconnect();       }     }   // 非阻塞开启PM传感器 30s   if (!sensorActive && currentMillis - previousMillisA >= sensorAStartInterval) {     previousMillisA = currentMillis;     pms.wakeUp();     sensorActive = true;   }   // 非阻塞读取PM传感器数据 60s 并关闭   if (sensorActive && currentMillis - previousMillisA >= sensorAReadDuration) {     pms.requestRead();     if (pms.readUntil(data)) {       digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);       Serial.print("PM 1.0 (ug/m3): "); Serial.println(data.PM_AE_UG_1_0);       Serial.print("PM 2.5 (ug/m3): "); Serial.println(data.PM_AE_UG_2_5);       Serial.print("PM 10.0 (ug/m3): "); Serial.println(data.PM_AE_UG_10_0);       dtostrf(data.PM_AE_UG_1_0, 6, 2, pm1buffer);       dtostrf(data.PM_AE_UG_2_5,6,2,pm25buffer);       dtostrf(data.PM_AE_UG_10_0, 6, 2, pm10buffer);          pms7003_pm1_sensor.setValue(pm1buffer);       pms7003_pm2_5_sensor.setValue(pm25buffer);       pms7003_pm10_sensor.setValue(pm10buffer);     }     else{       Serial.println("PM Sensor No data.");     }     pms.sleep();     digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);     sensorActive = false;   }   // 非阻塞读取HCHO传感器数据 30s   if (currentMillis - previousMillisB >= sensorBInterval) {     previousMillisB = currentMillis;     digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);          // 获取甲醛传感器WZ-H3-NK数据     wz.requestRead();     if (wz.readUntil(hcho_data)) {       Serial.print("HCHO (ppd): ");       Serial.println(hcho_data.HCHO_PPB);       Serial.print("HCHO (ug/m3): ");       Serial.println(hcho_data.HCHO_UGM3);       dtostrf(hcho_data.HCHO_PPB, 6, 2, ppdbuffer);       dtostrf(hcho_data.HCHO_UGM3, 6, 2, ugm3buffer);       wz_h3_hcho_ppd_sensor.setValue(ppdbuffer);       wz_h3_hcho_ugm3_sensor.setValue(ugm3buffer);     }     digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);   }   // 非阻塞读取其他传感器数据 5s   if (currentMillis - previousMillisC >= sensorCInterval) {     previousMillisC = currentMillis;     digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, HIGH);        // 获取温湿度传感器sht40数据     sensors_event_t humi, temp;     sht4.getEvent(&humi, &temp);        Serial.print("Temperature: ");  Serial.print(temp.temperature);  Serial.println("℃");     Serial.print("Humidity: ");  Serial.print(humi.relative_humidity);  Serial.println("% rH");         dtostrf(temp.temperature, 6, 2, tempbuffer);     dtostrf(humi.relative_humidity, 6, 2, humibuffer);     sht4_temperature_sensor.setValue(tempbuffer);     sht4_relative_humidity_sensor.setValue(humibuffer);     // 获取VOC传感器     if (ens160.available()) {       ens160.measure(true);       ens160.measureRaw(true);          Serial.print("AQI: ");    Serial.println(ens160.getAQI());       Serial.print("TVOC: ");   Serial.print(ens160.getTVOC());    Serial.println("ppb");       Serial.print("eCO2: ");    Serial.print(ens160.geteCO2());    Serial.println("ppm");       dtostrf(ens160.getAQI(), 6, 2, aqibuffer);       dtostrf(ens160.getTVOC(), 6, 2, tvocbuffer);       dtostrf(ens160.geteCO2(), 6, 2, eco2buffer);       ens160_aqi_sensor.setValue(aqibuffer);       ens160_tvoc_sensor.setValue(tvocbuffer);       ens160_eco2_sensor.setValue(eco2buffer);     }     // 获取二氧化碳传感器     uint16_t error;     char errorMessage[256];     // Read Measurement     uint16_t co2 = 0;     float temperature = 0.0f;     float humidity = 0.0f;     bool isDataReady = false;     error = scd4x.getDataReadyFlag(isDataReady);         if (error) {       Serial.print("Error trying to execute getDataReadyFlag(): ");       errorToString(error, errorMessage, 256);       Serial.println(errorMessage);       return;     }         if (!isDataReady) {       return;     }     error = scd4x.readMeasurement(co2, temperature, humidity);     if (error) {       Serial.print("Error trying to execute readMeasurement(): ");       errorToString(error, errorMessage, 256);       Serial.println(errorMessage);     } else if (co2 == 0) {       Serial.println("Invalid sample detected, skipping.");     } else {       Serial.print("Co2:"); Serial.println(co2);       dtostrf(co2, 6, 2, co2buffer);       scd4_co2_sensor.setValue(co2buffer);       digitalWrite(LED_BUILTIN, LOW);     }   } } void reconnect() {   Serial.print("Attempting to connect to SSID: ");   Serial.print(sta_ssid);     int i = 0;   while (status != WL_CONNECTED) {     Serial.print(".");     status = WiFi.begin(sta_ssid, sta_pass);     i++;     if (status == WL_CONNECTED){       Serial.println("Connected to WiFi successfully");       //Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());       break;     }     if(i == 5)       break;     delay(5000);   } } void onMqttMessage(const char* topic, const uint8_t* payload, uint16_t length) {     // This callback is called when message from MQTT broker is received.     // Please note that you should always verify if the message's topic is the one you expect.     // For example: if (memcmp(topic, "myCustomTopic") == 0) { ... }     Serial.print("New message on topic: ");     Serial.println(topic);     Serial.print("Data: ");     Serial.println((const char*)payload); } void onMqttConnected() {     Serial.println("Connected to the broker!"); } void onMqttDisconnected() {     Serial.println("Disconnected from the broker!"); } void onMqttStateChanged(HAMqtt::ConnectionState state) {     Serial.print("MQTT state changed to: ");     Serial.println(static_cast(state)); } void Adafruit_SHT4x_Init() {   Serial.println("Adafruit SHT4x Initializing...");   if (!sht4.begin(&Wire1)) {     Serial.println("Couldn't find SHT4x");     while (1) delay(1);   }   Serial.println("Found SHT4x sensor");   Serial.print("Serial number 0x");   Serial.println(sht4.readSerial(), HEX);   // You can have 3 different precisions, higher precision takes longer   sht4.setPrecision(SHT4X_HIGH_PRECISION);   switch (sht4.getPrecision()) {     case SHT4X_HIGH_PRECISION:       Serial.println("High precision");       break;     case SHT4X_MED_PRECISION:       Serial.println("Med precision");       break;     case SHT4X_LOW_PRECISION:       Serial.println("Low precision");       break;   }   // You can have 6 different heater settings   // higher heat and longer times uses more power   // and reads will take longer too!   sht4.setHeater(SHT4X_NO_HEATER);   switch (sht4.getHeater()) {     case SHT4X_NO_HEATER:       Serial.println("No heater");       break;     case SHT4X_HIGH_HEATER_1S:       Serial.println("High heat for 1 second");       break;     case SHT4X_HIGH_HEATER_100MS:       Serial.println("High heat for 0.1 second");       break;     case SHT4X_MED_HEATER_1S:       Serial.println("Medium heat for 1 second");       break;     case SHT4X_MED_HEATER_100MS:       Serial.println("Medium heat for 0.1 second");       break;     case SHT4X_LOW_HEATER_1S:       Serial.println("Low heat for 1 second");       break;     case SHT4X_LOW_HEATER_100MS:       Serial.println("Low heat for 0.1 second");       break;   }   Serial.println("Adafruit SHT4x Initialization Completed"); } void WZ_Init() {   Serial.println("WZ Initializing...");   WzSoftSerial.begin(9600);   wz.passiveMode();   Serial.println("WZ Initialization Completed"); } void ENS160_Init() {   Serial.println("ENS160 Initializing...");   ens160.begin();   Serial.println(ens160.available() ? "done." : "failed!");   if (ens160.available()) {     // Print ENS160 versions     Serial.print("\tRev: ");     Serial.print(ens160.getMajorRev());     Serial.print(".");     Serial.print(ens160.getMinorRev());     Serial.print(".");     Serial.println(ens160.getBuild());     Serial.print("\tStandard mode ");     Serial.println(ens160.setMode(ENS160_OPMODE_STD) ? "done." : "failed!");   }   Serial.println("ENS160 Initialization Completed"); } void PMS_Init() {   Serial.println("PMS7003 Initializing...");   Serial1.begin(9600);   pms.passiveMode();   Serial.println("PMS7003 Initialization Completed"); } void SCD41_Init() {   Serial.println("SCD41 Initializing...");   uint16_t error;   char errorMessage[256];   scd4x.begin(Wire);   // stop potentially previously started measurement   error = scd4x.stopPeriodicMeasurement();   if (error) {       Serial.print("Error trying to execute stopPeriodicMeasurement(): ");       errorToString(error, errorMessage, 256);       Serial.println(errorMessage);   }   uint16_t serial0;   uint16_t serial1;   uint16_t serial2;   error = scd4x.getSerialNumber(serial0, serial1, serial2);   if (error) {       Serial.print("Error trying to execute getSerialNumber(): ");       errorToString(error, errorMessage, 256);       Serial.println(errorMessage);   } else {       printSerialNumber(serial0, serial1, serial2);   }   // Start Measurement   error = scd4x.startPeriodicMeasurement();   if (error) {       Serial.print("Error trying to execute startPeriodicMeasurement(): ");       errorToString(error, errorMessage, 256);       Serial.println(errorMessage);   }   Serial.println("SCD41 Initialization Completed"); } void printUint16Hex(uint16_t value) {     Serial.print(value < 4096 ? "0" : "");     Serial.print(value < 256 ? "0" : "");     Serial.print(value < 16 ? "0" : "");     Serial.print(value, HEX); }    void printSerialNumber(uint16_t serial0, uint16_t serial1, uint16_t serial2) {     Serial.print("Serial: 0x");     printUint16Hex(serial0);     printUint16Hex(serial1);     printUint16Hex(serial2);     Serial.println(); } ``` arduino_mqtt.h ``` c++ // MQTT服务链接 #define MQTT_BROKER_ADDR "emqx.inversedesign.net" // 这里输入你的mqtt服务器地址 #define MQTT_BROKER_PORT 1883 #define MQTT_BROKER_USERNAME "aiaq" #define MQTT_BROKER_PASSWORD "aiaq" ``` arduino_secrets.h ``` c++ // 双引号中输入你的 WIFI 账号密码 #define SECRET_STA_SSID "" #define SECRET_STA_PASS "" ``` #### 6. 视频演示 [localvideo]ecd254ffff57c0fc6221bfab607a4ced[/localvideo] ## 总结 通过本次活动，尝试了自己绘制PCB板、打样、焊接。对贴片元件焊接也初步上手。虽然过程还是很艰难。焊废了几块板子，之前竟敢挑战焊接0201的电阻。也是险些看瞎了眼儿了。通过本次活动对Arduino开发板以及Arduino IDE有了基本了解，后续在学习开发板有了更多的选择。希望能多多参与学习活动，也再次希望Follow me活动越办越好。

上传了资料： 【Follow me第二季第2期】智能家庭空气质量监测仪

加入了学习《Follow me 第二季第2期任务提交》，观看 【得捷电子Follow me】提交视频

加入了学习《【Follow me第二季第2期】Arduino UNO R4 WiF》，观看 【Follow me第二季第2期】Arduino UNO R4 WiF

加入了学习《FollowMe 第二季：2 - Arduino UNO R4 Wi-Fi 及任务讲解》，观看 Arduino UNO R4 Wi-Fi 及任务讲解

加入了学习《直播回放: FollowMe 3 与得捷一起解锁开发板的超能力》，观看 FollowMe 3 与得捷一起解锁开发板的超能力

加入了学习《FollowMe 第二季： 1 Adafruit Circuit Playground Express及任务讲解》，观看 Adafruit Circuit Playground Express 及任务讲解

回复了主题帖： 【得捷电子Follow me第4期】成果展示汇总帖

Jacktang 发表于 2024-2-18 07:33 用杜邦线来连接DS3231和屏幕也是一样的正常显示，，， 嗯  我索性就全部用杜邦线连接了 ，当时咋没想到DS3231可以跟屏幕插在一块

发表了主题帖： 【得捷电子Follow me第4期】成果展示汇总帖

**首先感谢 DigiKey得捷 | 电子工程世界EEWorld 举办的Follow me活动，与得捷电子一起解锁开发板的超能力！** # 前言 **龙年新春到，福气满天飘。愿所有看到此贴的人事业如龙腾飞跃，财源似龙脉绵长。家庭和睦如龙凤呈祥，身体健康赛龙马精神。祝你在新的一年里，龙运亨通，万事如意！**:Onion-54: :Onion-54: :Onion-54: # 项目介绍 本项目包含以下内容： 入门任务：开发环境搭建，BLINK，驱动液晶显示器进行显示（没有则串口HelloWorld） 搭配器件： [W5500-EVB-Pico](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/wiznet/W5500-EVB-PICO/16515824)、 [Adafruit Sharp Memory Display Breakout](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/3502/7386264) 基础任务一：完成主控板W5500初始化(静态IP配置)，并能使用局域网电脑ping通，同时W5500可以ping通互联网站点；通过抓包软件(Wireshark、Sniffer等)抓取本地PC的ping报文，展示并分析。 搭配器件： [W5500-EVB-Pico](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/wiznet/W5500-EVB-PICO/16515824)、 [Adafruit Sharp Memory Display Breakout](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/3502/7386264) 基础任务二：主控板建立TCPIP或UDP服务器，局域网PC使用TCPIP或UDP客户端进行连接并发送数据，主控板接收到数据后，送液晶屏显示(没有则通过串口打印显示)；通过抓包软件抓取交互报文，展示并分析。(TCP和UDP二选一，或者全都操作) 搭配器件： [W5500-EVB-Pico](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/wiznet/W5500-EVB-PICO/16515824)、 [Adafruit Sharp Memory Display Breakout](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/3502/7386264) 进阶任务：从NTP服务器(注意数据交互格式的解析)同步时间，获取时间送显示屏(串口)显示。 搭配器件： [W5500-EVB-Pico](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/wiznet/W5500-EVB-PICO/16515824)、 [Adafruit Sharp Memory Display Breakout](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/3502/7386264) 终极任务（二选一） ■  **终极任务一：**访问 [https://www.digikey.cn/zh/resources/api-solutions](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/resources/api-solutions)，以了解得捷(DigiKey)数字化解决方案及其API操作，设计一款DigiKey电子元器件价格及库存监视器，能实时同步并显示指定，电子元器件的价格、库存等信息。 ■  **终极任务二：**使用外部存储器，组建简易FTP文件服务器，并能正常上传下载文件。 搭配器件： [W5500-EVB-Pico](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/wiznet/W5500-EVB-PICO/16515824)、 [Adafruit Sharp Memory Display Breakout](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/3502/7386264) 本项目视频及源码： - 视频 [【得捷Follow me第4期】+ 任务成果视频展示](https://training.eeworld.com.cn/video/39268) - 源码 [【得捷Follow me第4期】+ 任务成果代码展示](https://download.eeworld.com.cn/detail/shazhongjin/631134) # 开箱展示 购买的配件有： [W5500-EVB-Pico](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/wiznet/W5500-EVB-PICO/16515824) [MICROSD CARD BFF QT PY/XIAO|](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103100142/13688265) [Pico LCD 1.14](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103030400/14317043) [Pico RTC DS3231](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103030398/14317036) 开箱全家福： # 任务成果展示及说明 ## 入门任务 开发环境搭建，BLINK，驱动液晶显示器进行显示（没有则串口HelloWorld） ### 一、硬件介绍 | 硬件 | 链接、资料 | 图片 | | -------------- | ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | ----------------------------------------- | | W5500-EVB-Pico | [W5500-EVB-PICO WIZnet 开发板 套件 编程器 DigiKey](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/wiznet/W5500-EVB-PICO/16515824) [W5500-EVB-Pico WIZnet Document System](https://docs.wiznet.io/Product/iEthernet/W5500/w5500-evb-pico) |  | | Pico LCD 1.14 | [103030400 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd 开发板 套件 编程器 DigiKey](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103030400/14317043) [Pico LCD 1.14 - Waveshare Wiki](https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Pico-LCD-1.14) |  | ### 二、搭建开发环境 本项目使用MicroPython进行开发。 1. 下载 Wiznet W5500-EVB-Pico MicroPython固件 [MicroPython - Python for microcontrollers](https://micropython.org/download/W5500_EVB_PICO/) 2. 按住核心板的boot键并连接数据线到电脑，或者已连接电脑状态下按住boot键再按下Run（reset）键。然后将下载的固件应复制到出现的 USB 大容量存储设备中，新固件将自动写入并复位。 3. 将Wiznet W5500-EVB-Pico焊接排针，Pico LCD 1.14 显示模块与Wiznet W5500-EVB-Pico进行连接。需要注意的是核心板焊接排针的方向及与显示模块的针脚的对应。 ### 三、代码展示 /beginner_task_code.py ``` python import LCD_1inch14,time from machine import Pin,SPI led = Pin(25, Pin.OUT) if __name__=='__main__': lcd = LCD_1inch14.LCD() lcd.WriteLine('Follow Me 4') lcd.WriteLine('by shazhongjin') lcd.WriteLine('Hello World!') while True: led.value(1) lcd.WriteLine("LED ON") time.sleep(1) led.value(0) lcd.WriteLine("LED OFF") time.sleep(1) ``` 本项目使用到的LCD_1inch14库为根据微雪例程 [Demo codes](https://files.waveshare.com/upload/2/28/Pico_code.7z) , 屏幕显示参考Follow me 2中Adafruit ESP32-S3 TFT Feather 开发板 刷入CircuitPython的屏幕显示效果来对此库进行调整。设计思路如下： 项目中所有用到屏幕的任务均使用该库，后续不在提及。 /lib/LCD_1inch14.py ``` python from machine import Pin,SPI,PWM import framebuf,time BL = 13 DC = 8 RST = 12 MOSI = 11 SCK = 10 CS = 9 Row = 1 class LCD(framebuf.FrameBuffer): def __init__(self): self.width = 240 self.height = 135 self.cs = Pin(CS,Pin.OUT) self.rst = Pin(RST,Pin.OUT) self.cs(1) self.spi = SPI(1) self.spi = SPI(1,1000_000) self.spi = SPI(1,10000_000,polarity=0, phase=0,sck=Pin(SCK),mosi=Pin(MOSI),miso=None) self.dc = Pin(DC,Pin.OUT) self.dc(1) self.buffer = bytearray(self.height * self.width * 2) super().__init__(self.buffer, self.width, self.height, framebuf.RGB565) self.init_display() self.red = 0x07E0 self.green = 0x001f self.blue = 0xf800 self.white = 0xffff self.black = 0x0000 def write_cmd(self, cmd): self.cs(1) self.dc(0) self.cs(0) self.spi.write(bytearray([cmd])) self.cs(1) def write_data(self, buf): self.cs(1) self.dc(1) self.cs(0) self.spi.write(bytearray([buf])) self.cs(1) def init_display(self): """Initialize dispaly""" self.rst(1) self.rst(0) self.rst(1) self.write_cmd(0x36) self.write_data(0x70) self.write_cmd(0x3A) self.write_data(0x05) self.write_cmd(0xB2) self.write_data(0x0C) self.write_data(0x0C) self.write_data(0x00) self.write_data(0x33) self.write_data(0x33) self.write_cmd(0xB7) self.write_data(0x35) self.write_cmd(0xBB) self.write_data(0x19) self.write_cmd(0xC0) self.write_data(0x2C) self.write_cmd(0xC2) self.write_data(0x01) self.write_cmd(0xC3) self.write_data(0x12) self.write_cmd(0xC4) self.write_data(0x20) self.write_cmd(0xC6) self.write_data(0x0F) self.write_cmd(0xD0) self.write_data(0xA4) self.write_data(0xA1) self.write_cmd(0xE0) self.write_data(0xD0) self.write_data(0x04) self.write_data(0x0D) self.write_data(0x11) self.write_data(0x13) self.write_data(0x2B) self.write_data(0x3F) self.write_data(0x54) self.write_data(0x4C) self.write_data(0x18) self.write_data(0x0D) self.write_data(0x0B) self.write_data(0x1F) self.write_data(0x23) self.write_cmd(0xE1) self.write_data(0xD0) self.write_data(0x04) self.write_data(0x0C) self.write_data(0x11) self.write_data(0x13) self.write_data(0x2C) self.write_data(0x3F) self.write_data(0x44) self.write_data(0x51) self.write_data(0x2F) self.write_data(0x1F) self.write_data(0x1F) self.write_data(0x20) self.write_data(0x23) self.write_cmd(0x21) self.write_cmd(0x11) self.write_cmd(0x29) # 初始化内容 Row = 1 self.fill(0x0000) self.text("MicroPython",20,4,0xffff) self.fill_rect(1,1,3,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(4,1,1,2,0xffff) self.fill_rect(5,1,2,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(7,11,2,3,0xffff) self.fill_rect(8,1,2,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(10,1,1,2,0xffff) self.fill_rect(11,1,3,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(12,10,1,3,0x0000) self.show() def show(self): self.write_cmd(0x2A) self.write_data(0x00) self.write_data(0x28) self.write_data(0x01) self.write_data(0x17) self.write_cmd(0x2B) self.write_data(0x00) self.write_data(0x35) self.write_data(0x00) self.write_data(0xBB) self.write_cmd(0x2C) self.cs(1) self.dc(1) self.cs(0) self.spi.write(self.buffer) self.cs(1) def Clean(self): self.init_display() def WriteLine(self, s : str): import math global Row #print(f'print string is : {s}') length = len(s) #print(f'string length is : {length}') rownum= math.ceil(length / 30) #print(f'string rows : {rownum}') for i in range(rownum): i += 1 print(s[30 * (i - 1) :30 * i]) # 渲染头部 self.fill_rect(0,0,350,15,0x0000) self.text("MicroPython",20,4,0xffff) self.fill_rect(1,1,3,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(4,1,1,2,0xffff) self.fill_rect(5,1,2,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(7,11,2,3,0xffff) self.fill_rect(8,1,2,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(10,1,1,2,0xffff) self.fill_rect(11,1,3,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(12,10,1,3,0x0000) # 当i大于12行时屏幕开始滚动 #print(f'screen rows : {Row}') if (Row > 10): self.scroll(0,-1 * 12) self.fill_rect(0,124,350, 10 ,0x0000) # 渲染头部 self.fill_rect(0,0,350,15,0x0000) self.text("MicroPython",20,4,0xffff) self.fill_rect(1,1,3,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(4,1,1,2,0xffff) self.fill_rect(5,1,2,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(7,11,2,3,0xffff) self.fill_rect(8,1,2,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(10,1,1,2,0xffff) self.fill_rect(11,1,3,13,0xffff) self.fill_rect(12,10,1,3,0x0000) if (Row < 10): self.text(s[30 * (i - 1) :30 * i], 0 , 15 + (Row-1) * 12 + 2 ,0xffff); else: self.text(s[30 * (i - 1) :30 * i], 0 , 15 + (10-1) * 12 + 2 ,0xffff); Row += 1 self.show() #print('\n') ``` ### 四、演示 [localvideo]479d9fdcb8e023da04f4ed99d0a71679[/localvideo] --- 参考资料： [W5500-EVB-Pico | WIZnet Document System](https://docs.wiznet.io/Product/iEthernet/W5500/w5500-evb-pico) [Pico LCD 1.14 - Waveshare Wiki](https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Pico-LCD-1.14) ## 基础任务一 完成主控板W5500初始化(静态IP配置)，并能使用局域网电脑ping通，同时W5500可以ping通互联网站点；通过抓包软件(Wireshark、Sniffer等)抓取本地PC的ping报文，展示并分析。 ### 一、W5500初始化并配置静态IP 根据WiZnet官方例程，配置静态IP先要查询当前网络网关（比如当前网络网关为192.168.1.1），使用`nic.ifconfig(('IP','子网掩码','网关','DNS'))`来配置w5500的静态ip地址。如下例程： ``` python from machine import Pin,SPI spi=SPI(0,2_000_000, mosi=Pin(19),miso=Pin(16),sck=Pin(18)) nic = network.WIZNET5K() #spi,cs,reset pin # network.WIZNET5K(spi,Pin(17),Pin(20)) nic.active(True) # 设置动态ip #nic.ifconfig('dhcp') # 设置静态ip nic.ifconfig(('192.168.1.107','255.255.255.0','192.168.1.1','8.8.8.8')) while not nic.isconnected(): time.sleep(1) print(nic.ifconfig()) ``` ### 二、使用局域网电脑ping通W5500-EVB-Pico，并使用Wireshark抓包ping报文 ping命令通常被用来测试网络连接，可以帮助你确定电脑是否能够通过IP地址访问另一台电脑。当你执行ping命令时，它会发送一个小数据包到特定的IP地址上，并等待响应。如果连接成功，你会看到回复的时间以及数据包是否成功送达。 运行ping命令 地址192.168.1.108 双击数据表列表，查看数据包各层详细信息。 互联网层IP包头部信息 传输层ICMP协议信息 ### 三、使用W5500-EVB-Pico ping通局域网中的电脑 在gitee中找到一个uping的仓库,可以实现像电脑中的Ping命令一样在开发板中运行ping命令。由于该库中将ping信息输出到控制台上。再此也是做了小小的改动将信息输出到屏幕上，详见下节代码展示。 ### 四、代码展示 /basic_task1_code.py ``` python from machine import Pin,SPI,RTC import time,network,uping import LCD_1inch14 #W5x00 chip init def w5x00_init(): spi=SPI(0,2_000_000, mosi=Pin(19),miso=Pin(16),sck=Pin(18)) nic = network.WIZNET5K() #spi,cs,reset pin # spi,Pin(17),Pin(20) nic.active(True) # If you use the Dynamic IP(DHCP), you must use the "nic.ifconfig('dhcp')". #nic.ifconfig('dhcp') # If you use the Static IP, you must use the "nic.ifconfig("IP","subnet","Gateway","DNS")". nic.ifconfig(('192.168.1.108','255.255.255.0','192.168.1.1','8.8.8.8')) while not nic.isconnected(): time.sleep(1) #print(nic.regs()) print(nic.ifconfig()) if __name__ == "__main__": lcd = LCD_1inch14.LCD() lcd.WriteLine('Follow Me 4') lcd.WriteLine('by shazhongjin') lcd.WriteLine('base task 1') w5x00_init() # 使用W5500 ping互联网站点 www.baidu.com ping = uping.Ping('www.baidu.com',COUNT=100,IsOutputScreen =True) ping.start() ``` /lib/uping.py ``` python ''' Author: Yogile Gitee: https://gitee.com/yogile Date: 2022-07-16 17:41:38 LastEditors: Yogile LastEditTime: 2022-07-16 18:04:28 Fork from: https://github.com/coffee-it/uPing Description: Porting code to ESP32 chips ''' import utime import uselect import uctypes import usocket import ustruct import urandom import micropython import LCD_1inch14 urandom.seed(utime.ticks_us()) class Ping(): """ Create the ping calculating object exemplar """ def __init__(self, HOST, SOURCE=None, COUNT=4, INTERVAL=1000, SIZE=64, TIMEOUT=5000, quiet=False, IsOutputScreen = False): self.HOST = HOST self.COUNT = COUNT self.TIMEOUT = TIMEOUT self.INTERVAL = INTERVAL self.SIZE = SIZE self.quiet = quiet self.END = None self.IsOutputScreen = IsOutputScreen # prepare packet assert SIZE >= 16, "pkt size too small" self._PKT = b'Q'*SIZE self.PKT_DESC = { "type": uctypes.UINT8 | 0, "code": uctypes.UINT8 | 1, "checksum": uctypes.UINT16 | 2, "id": uctypes.UINT16 | 4, "seq": uctypes.INT16 | 6, "timestamp": uctypes.UINT64 | 8, } # packet header descriptor h = uctypes.struct(uctypes.addressof(self._PKT), self.PKT_DESC, uctypes.BIG_ENDIAN) h.type = 8 # ICMP_ECHO_REQUEST h.code = 0 h.checksum = 0 h.id = urandom.getrandbits(16) h.seq = 1 self.h = h # init socket sock = usocket.socket(usocket.AF_INET, usocket.SOCK_RAW, 1) if SOURCE: src_addr = usocket.getaddrinfo(SOURCE, 1)[0][-1] # ip address sock.bind(src_addr) sock.setblocking(0) sock.settimeout(TIMEOUT/1000) addresses = usocket.getaddrinfo(HOST, 1) # [0][-1] # list of ip addresses assert addresses, "Can not take the IP address of host" self.CLIENT_IP = None for addr in addresses: try: sock.connect(addr[-1]) self.CLIENT_IP = addr[-1][0] except: continue assert self.CLIENT_IP, "Connection failed" self.sock = sock # [ COUNTERS ] self.seq_num = 1 # Next sequence number self.transmitted = 0 self.received = 0 self.seqs = None # LCD self.LCD = LCD_1inch14.LCD() def Output(self,msg :str): print(msg) if self.IsOutputScreen: self.LCD.WriteLine(msg) def start(self): """ Starting a ping cycle with the specified settings (like a interval, count e.t.c.) """ t = self.INTERVAL finish = False # [ Rtt metrics ] pongs = [] min_rtt, max_rtt = None, None # [ Start over ] self.seq_num = 1 self.transmitted = 0 self.received = 0 not self.quiet and self.Output("PING %s (%s): %u data bytes" % (self.HOST, self.CLIENT_IP, len(self._PKT))) if self.seqs: self.seqs.extend(list(range(self.seq_num, self.COUNT + 1))) # [seq_num, seq_num + 1, ...., seq_num + n]) else: self.seqs = list(range(self.seq_num, self.COUNT + 1)) # [1,2,...,count] # Здесь нужно подвязаться на реальное время while self.seq_num = self.INTERVAL: pong = self.ping() t = 0 rtt = pong[1] if rtt: pongs.append(rtt) if not min_rtt or rtt = max_rtt: max_rtt = round(rtt, 3) if len(self.seqs) == 0: finish = True if finish: break utime.sleep_ms(1) t += 1 losses = round((self.transmitted - self.received) / self.transmitted) * 100 avg_rtt = round(sum(pongs) / len(pongs), 3) if pongs else None from ucollections import namedtuple _result = namedtuple("result", ("tx", "rx", "losses", "min", "avg", "max")) result = _result(self.transmitted, self.received, losses, min_rtt, avg_rtt, max_rtt) if not self.quiet: self.Output(r'%u packets transmitted, %u packets received, %u packet loss' % (self.transmitted, self.received, losses)) if avg_rtt: self.Output(r'round-trip min/avg/max = %r/%r/%r ms' % (min_rtt, avg_rtt, max_rtt)) else: return result def ping(self): """ Send ping manually. Returns sequense number(int), round-trip time (ms, float), ttl """ sock = self.sock if not self.seqs: self.seqs = [] self.seqs.append(self.seq_num) seq, t_elasped, ttl = None, None, None # header h = self.h h.checksum = 0 h.seq = self.seq_num h.timestamp = utime.ticks_us() h.checksum = self.checksum(self._PKT) try: # send packet if sock.send(self._PKT) == self.SIZE: self.transmitted += 1 else: self.seqs.remove(self.seq_num) self.seq_num += 1 # recv packet while 1: resp = sock.recv(self.SIZE + 20) # ICMP header and payload + IP header resp_mv = memoryview(resp) h2 = uctypes.struct(uctypes.addressof(resp_mv[20:]), self.PKT_DESC, uctypes.BIG_ENDIAN) seq = h2.seq if h2.type==0 and h2.id==h.id and (seq in self.seqs): # 0: ICMP_ECHO_REPLY t_elasped = (utime.ticks_us()-h2.timestamp) / 1000 self.seqs.remove(seq) if h2.checksum == self.checksum(resp[24:]): # except IP header and a part of ICMP header (type, code, checksum) ttl = ustruct.unpack('!B', resp_mv[8:9])[0] # time-to-live self.received += 1 not self.quiet and self.Output("%u bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u, ttl=%u, time=%f ms" % (len(resp[12:]), self.CLIENT_IP, seq, ttl, t_elasped)) break else: not self.quiet and self.Output("Payload checksum doesnt match") t_elasped = None break except Exception as identifier: import errno if identifier.args[0] == errno.EPIPE: self.Output("Client connection unexpectedly closed") pass elif identifier.args[0] == errno.EBADF: self.Output("Bad file descriptor.") pass else: raise identifier return (seq, t_elasped, ttl) async def ping_async(self): """ Send ping manually by async. Returns sequense number(int), round-trip time (ms, float), ttl """ sock = self.sock if not self.seqs: self.seqs = [] self.seqs.append(self.seq_num) seq, t_elasped, ttl = None, None, None # header h = self.h h.checksum = 0 h.seq = self.seq_num h.timestamp = utime.ticks_us() h.checksum = self.checksum(self._PKT) try: # send packet if sock.send(self._PKT) == self.SIZE: self.transmitted += 1 else: self.seqs.remove(self.seq_num) self.seq_num += 1 # recv packet while 1: resp = sock.recv(self.SIZE + 20) # ICMP header and payload + IP header resp_mv = memoryview(resp) h2 = uctypes.struct(uctypes.addressof(resp_mv[20:]), self.PKT_DESC, uctypes.BIG_ENDIAN) seq = h2.seq if h2.type==0 and h2.id==h.id and (seq in self.seqs): # 0: ICMP_ECHO_REPLY t_elasped = (utime.ticks_us()-h2.timestamp) / 1000 self.seqs.remove(seq) if h2.checksum == self.checksum(resp[24:]): # except IP header and a part of ICMP header (type, code, checksum) ttl = ustruct.unpack('!B', resp_mv[8:9])[0] # time-to-live self.received += 1 not self.quiet and self.Output("%u bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u, ttl=%u, time=%f ms" % (len(resp[12:]), self.CLIENT_IP, seq, ttl, t_elasped)) break else: not self.quiet and self.Output("Payload checksum doesnt match") t_elasped = None break except Exception as identifier: import errno if identifier.args[0] == errno.EPIPE: self.Output("Client connection unexpectedly closed") pass elif identifier.args[0] == errno.EBADF: self.Output("Bad file descriptor.") pass else: raise identifier self.END = (seq, t_elasped, ttl) def checksum(self, data): if len(data) & 0x1: # Odd number of bytes data += b'\0' cs = 0 for pos in range(0, len(data), 2): b1 = data[pos] b2 = data[pos + 1] cs += (b1 = 0x10000: cs = (cs & 0xffff) + (cs >> 16) cs = ~cs & 0xffff return cs def getEND_async(self): """ get ping_async() result """ return self.END def __enter__(self): return self def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback): self.close() def close(self): self.sock.close() ``` ### 五、演示 [localvideo]13056f04db15d23721687675e57b6838[/localvideo] [localvideo]4724f024b7b39bf014110a9840f301d5[/localvideo] --- 参考资料： [Wiznet/RP2040-HAT-MicroPython (github.com)](https://github.com/Wiznet/RP2040-HAT-MicroPython) [uPing: 使用 MicroPython 适配 ESP32 的 ping 函数，支持异步。 (gitee.com)](https://gitee.com/Yogile/uPing) ## 基础任务二 主控板建立TCPIP或UDP服务器，局域网PC使用TCPIP或UDP客户端进行连接并发送数据，主控板接收到数据后，送液晶屏显示(没有则通过串口打印显示)；通过抓包软件抓取交互报文，展示并分析。(TCP和UDP二选一，或者全都操作) ### 一、硬件介绍 | 硬件 | 链接、资料 | 图片 | | ---- | ---- | ---- | | W5500-EVB-Pico | [W5500-EVB-PICO WIZnet 开发板 套件 编程器 DigiKey](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/wiznet/W5500-EVB-PICO/16515824) [W5500-EVB-Pico WIZnet Document System](https://docs.wiznet.io/Product/iEthernet/W5500/w5500-evb-pico) |  | | GROVE SHIELD FOR PI PICO V1.0 | [103100142 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd 开发板 套件 编程器 DigiKey](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103100142/13688265) |  | | Grove - AHT20 I2C Industrial Grade Temperature&Humidity SensorF QT PY/XIAO | [101990644 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd 开发板 套件 编程器 DigiKey](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/101990644/11681294) [Grove - AHT20 I2C Industrial Grade Temperature&Humidity Sensor Seeed Studio Wiki](https://wiki.seeedstudio.com/Grove-AHT20-I2C-Industrial-Grade-Temperature&Humidity-Sensor/) |  | ### 二、实现功能 本项目使用microdot来实现webapi服务器，来控制GPIO设备以及发送和接收数据。 1. 使用API来控制板载LED灯的开关； 2. 使用API获得Grove - AHT20设备的温度与湿度信息； 3. 使用API来实现一个聊天室的功能； ### 三、抓包分析 使用Wireshark软件对里聊天过程进行抓包分析，点击发送消息时向服务端发送一个Post请求将文本框中的内容发送给服务端。如下图所示可以看到数据包Info中 一个POST方法 路径为/send-message。通过查看Hypertext Transfer Protocol（应用层的信息）包括请求方法、请求路径、请求的完整路径等信息。在Javascript object Notation:application/json Json数据信息可以看到发送的内容“follow me4” 下图为客户端接收消息的数据包，可以看到Hypertext Transfer Protocol（应用层的信息）返回的200状态码，以及Json数据中返回的信息“Server received: follow me4”。 ### 三、代码展示 /basic_task2_code.py ``` python import network,os,time from usocket import socket from machine import Pin,SPI,SoftSPI from microdot import Microdot app = Microdot() led = Pin(25, Pin.OUT) addr = '' #w5500 初始化 def w5x00_init(): spi=SPI(0,2_000_000, mosi=Pin(19),miso=Pin(16),sck=Pin(18)) nic = network.WIZNET5K(spi,Pin(17),Pin(20)) #spi,cs,reset pin # network.WIZNET5K(spi,Pin(17),Pin(20)) nic.active(True) # If you use the Dynamic IP(DHCP), you must use the "nic.ifconfig('dhcp')". nic.ifconfig('dhcp') # If you use the Static IP, you must use the "nic.ifconfig("IP","subnet","Gateway","DNS")". #nic.ifconfig(('192.168.2.107','255.255.255.0','192.168.2.1','8.8.8.8')) while not nic.isconnected(): time.sleep(1) #print(nic.regs()) print(nic.ifconfig()) # Get connection IP global addr addr = nic.ifconfig()[0] def get_temp_humidity(debug = False): import ahtx0 from machine import I2C,SPI i2c = I2C(0, scl=Pin(9), sda=Pin(8)) # 获取传感器对象 sensor = ahtx0.AHT20(i2c) if debug: print("\nTemperature: %0.2f C" % sensor.temperature) print("Humidity: %0.2f %%" % sensor.relative_humidity) return sensor.temperature,sensor.relative_humidity def app_init(): @app.route('/') def index(request): return 'Hello, world!' # 开灯 @app.route('/ledon', methods=['GET']) def ledon(request): print("LED ON") led.value(1) return 'LED ON' # 关灯 @app.route('/ledoff', methods=['GET']) def ledoff(request): print("LED OFF") led.value(0) return 'LED OFF' # 返回一次当前温度和湿度 @app.route('/temp-humidity') def temp_humidity(request): temperature, humidity = get_temp_humidity() return {'temperature': temperature, 'humidity': humidity} # 通过页面更新持续返回当前温度和湿度 @app.route('/temp-humidity2') def temp_humidity(request): from microdot import send_file return send_file('/page/Temperature and Humidity.html') # 聊天室 @app.route('/chat') def send_message(request): from microdot import send_file return send_file('/page/ChatRoom.html') @app.route('/send-message', methods=['POST']) def send_message(request): message = request.json.get('message', '') # 处理消息，例如，在这里你可以调用其他函数来响应不同的命令或消息 print(f'received sessage: {message}') response_message = 'Server received: ' + message return {'message': response_message} # 404页 @app.errorhandler(404) def not_found(request): return {'error': 'resource not found'}, 404 app.run(host=addr, port=5000, debug=False, ssl=None) if __name__ == "__main__": w5x00_init() app_init() ``` /page/ChatRoom.html ``` html Chat Room #chatBox { height: 300px; overflow: auto; background: #f0f0f0; padding: 15px; display: flex; flex-direction: column; } .message { padding: 5px 10px; margin: 5px; border-radius: 5px; max-width: 80%; } .user-message { align-self: flex-end; background-color: #dcf8c6; } .server-message { align-self: flex-start; background-color: #fff; } function sendMessage() { var input = document.getElementById('messageInput'); var message = input.value.trim(); if(message) { displayMessage(message, 'user-message'); // 显示用户消息 input.value = ''; // 清空输入框 fetch('/send-message', { method: 'POST', headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json' }, body: JSON.stringify({message: message}) }).then(function(response) { return response.json(); }).then(function(data) { displayMessage(data.message, 'server-message'); // 显示服务端消息 }); } } function displayMessage(text, className) { var chatBox = document.getElementById('chatBox'); var messageElem = document.createElement('div'); messageElem.textContent = text; messageElem.classList.add('message', className); chatBox.appendChild(messageElem); chatBox.scrollTop = chatBox.scrollHeight; // 滚动到最新消息 } Chat Room Follow me 4 by shazhongjin Send ``` /page/Temperature and Humidity.html ``` html Temperature and Humidity function fetchTempHumidity() { fetch('/temp-humidity').then(function(response) { return response.json(); }).then(function(data) { document.getElementById('temperature').textContent = data.temperature; document.getElementById('humidity').textContent = data.humidity; }); } // 每秒执行一次fetchTempHumidity函数 setInterval(fetchTempHumidity, 1000); Temperature: -- Humidity: -- ``` ### 四、演示 [localvideo]eae6acf9bf12349e9820963e59ee1ab2[/localvideo] --- 参考资料： [Installation — Microdot documentation](https://microdot.readthedocs.io/en/v1/intro.html) ## 进阶任务 从NTP服务器(注意数据交互格式的解析)同步时间，获取时间送显示屏(串口)显示。 ### 一、硬件介绍 | 硬件 | 链接、资料 | 图片 | | ----------------------------- | ---- | ---- | | W5500-EVB-Pico | [W5500-EVB-PICO WIZnet 开发板 套 编程器 DigiKey](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/wiznet/W5500-EVB-PICO/16515824) [W5500-EVB-Pico WIZnet Document System](https://docs.wiznet.io/Product/iEthernet/W5500/w5500-evb-pico) |  | | Pico RTC DS3231 | [103030398 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd 开发板 套件 编程器 DigiKey](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103030398/14317036) [Pico RTC DS3231 - Waveshare Wiki](https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Pico-RTC-DS3231) |  | | Pico LCD 1.14 | [103030400 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd 开发板 套件 编程器 DigiKey](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103030400/14317043) [Pico LCD 1.14 - Waveshare Wiki](https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Pico-LCD-1.14) |  | 接线图1 接线图2  **Pico RTC DS3231**  Pico-RTC-DS3231 是专为 Raspberry Pi Pico 设计的 RTC 扩展模块。它集成了高精度RTC芯片DS3231，并使用I2C总线进行通信。由于采用可堆叠设计，可以连接更多的外部传感器。    - 标准树莓派Pico接头，支持树莓派Pico系列。 - 板载高精度RTC芯片DS3231，带备用电池座。 - 实时时钟可计算秒、分、小时、月、月、星期几和年份，闰年补偿有效期至 2100 年。 - 可选格式：24 小时或 12 小时，带 AM/PM 指示器。 - 2 x 可编程闹钟。 - 提供在线文档（Raspberry Pi、Pico、C/C++ 和 MicroPython 示例演示）。  至于为什么会使用DS3231呢？但是主要想搭配这屏幕一起叠高高。一看引脚排列就傻眼了 使用引脚GPIO20、21。GPIO16-21都被w5500使用，所以没办法只能杜邦线来连接DS3231以及屏幕了。 ### 二、驱动RTC ds3231 这里使用了微雪示例代码 ds3231.py ，对ds3231设置时间。 ``` python #!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- from machine import Pin, I2C import time import binascii #    the first version use i2c1 #I2C_PORT = 1 #I2C_SDA = 6 #I2C_SCL = 7 #    the new version use i2c0,if it dont work,try to uncomment the line 14 and comment line 17 #    it should solder the R3 with 0R resistor if want to use alarm function,please refer to the Sch file on waveshare Pico-RTC-DS3231 wiki #    https://www.waveshare.net/w/upload/0/08/Pico-RTC-DS3231_Sch.pdf I2C_PORT = 0 I2C_SDA = 20 I2C_SCL = 21 ALARM_PIN = 3 class ds3231(object): #            13:45:00 Mon 24 May 2021 #  the register value is the binary-coded decimal (BCD) format #               sec min hour week day month year     NowTime = b'\x00\x45\x13\x02\x24\x05\x21'     w  = ["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"];     address = 0x68     start_reg = 0x00     alarm1_reg = 0x07     control_reg = 0x0e     status_reg = 0x0f     def __init__(self,i2c_port,i2c_scl,i2c_sda):         self.bus = I2C(i2c_port,scl=Pin(i2c_scl),sda=Pin(i2c_sda))     def set_time(self,new_time):         hour = new_time[0] + new_time[1]         minute = new_time[3] + new_time[4]         second = new_time[6] + new_time[7]         week = "0" + str(self.w.index(new_time.split(",",2)[1])+1)         year = new_time.split(",",2)[2][2] + new_time.split(",",2)[2][3]         month = new_time.split(",",2)[2][5] + new_time.split(",",2)[2][6]         day = new_time.split(",",2)[2][8] + new_time.split(",",2)[2][9]         now_time = binascii.unhexlify((second + " " + minute + " " + hour + " " + week + " " + day + " " + month + " " + year).replace(' ',''))         #print(binascii.unhexlify((second + " " + minute + " " + hour + " " + week + " " + day + " " + month + " " + year).replace(' ','')))         #print(self.NowTime)         self.bus.writeto_mem(int(self.address),int(self.start_reg),now_time)     def read_time(self):         t = self.bus.readfrom_mem(int(self.address),int(self.start_reg),7)         a = t[0]&0x7F  #second         b = t[1]&0x7F  #minute         c = t[2]&0x3F  #hour         d = t[3]&0x07  #week         e = t[4]&0x3F  #day         f = t[5]&0x1F  #month         print("20%x/%02x/%02x %02x:%02x:%02x %s" %(t[6],t[5],t[4],t[2],t[1],t[0],self.w[t[3]-1]))             def set_alarm_time(self,alarm_time):         #    init the alarm pin         self.alarm_pin = Pin(ALARM_PIN,Pin.IN,Pin.PULL_UP)         #    set alarm irq         self.alarm_pin.irq(lambda pin: print("alarm1 time is up"), Pin.IRQ_FALLING)         #    enable the alarm1 reg         self.bus.writeto_mem(int(self.address),int(self.control_reg),b'\x05')         #    convert to the BCD format         hour = alarm_time[0] + alarm_time[1]         minute = alarm_time[3] + alarm_time[4]         second = alarm_time[6] + alarm_time[7]         date = alarm_time.split(",",2)[2][8] + alarm_time.split(",",2)[2][9]         now_time = binascii.unhexlify((second + " " + minute + " " + hour +  " " + date).replace(' ',''))         #    write alarm time to alarm1 reg         self.bus.writeto_mem(int(self.address),int(self.alarm1_reg),now_time) if __name__ == '__main__':     rtc = ds3231(I2C_PORT,I2C_SCL,I2C_SDA)     rtc.set_time('13:45:50,Monday,2021-05-24')     rtc.read_time()     rtc.set_alarm_time('13:45:55,Monday,2021-05-24') ``` ### 三、代码展示 advanced_task_code.py ``` python import network,time,LCD_1inch14,ds3231 from machine import Pin,SPI addr = '' #w5500 初始化 def w5x00_init(): spi=SPI(0,2_000_000, mosi=Pin(19),miso=Pin(16),sck=Pin(18)) nic = network.WIZNET5K() #spi,cs,reset pin # network.WIZNET5K(spi,Pin(17),Pin(20)) nic.active(True) # If you use the Dynamic IP(DHCP), you must use the "nic.ifconfig('dhcp')". nic.ifconfig('dhcp') # If you use the Static IP, you must use the "nic.ifconfig("IP","subnet","Gateway","DNS")". #nic.ifconfig(('192.168.1.108','255.255.255.0','192.168.1.1','8.8.8.8')) while not nic.isconnected(): time.sleep(1) #print(nic.regs()) print(nic.ifconfig()) # Get connection IP global addr addr = nic.ifconfig()[0] def sync_ntp(): import ntptime,machine,time I2C_PORT = 1 I2C_SDA = 26 I2C_SCL = 27 weekday = ["Sunday","Monday","Tuesday","Wednesday","Thursday","Friday","Saturday"]; print("start sync ntp time") # 使用DS3231RTC rtc = ds3231.ds3231(I2C_PORT,I2C_SCL,I2C_SDA) try: ntptime.host = 'ntp1.aliyun.com' # 可选，ntp服务器，默认是"pool.ntp.org" 这里使用阿里服务器 ntptime.settime() # 修改设备时间,到这就已经设置好了 sysrtc = machine.RTC() localtime_now=time.time()+8*3600 localtime_now=time.localtime(localtime_now) sysrtc.datetime((localtime_now[0],localtime_now[1],localtime_now[2],localtime_now[6],localtime_now[3],localtime_now[4],localtime_now[5],localtime_now[7])) year, month, day, weekday, hours, minutes, seconds = sysrtc.datetime()[0:7] # 构造24小时制格式的时间字符串，确保小时、分钟和秒都是两位数 time_str = "{:02d}:{:02d}:{:02d}".format(hours, minutes, seconds) # 构造日期字符串 date_str = "{:04d}-{:02d}-{:02d}".format(year, month, day) # 星期的字典 weekdays = { 0: "Monday", 1: "Tuesday", 2: "Wednesday", 3: "Thursday", 4: "Friday", 5: "Saturday", 6: "Sunday" } # 获取星期几 weekday_str = weekdays.get(weekday, "") # 设置DS3231RTC时间 rtc.set_time(time_str + "," + weekday_str + "," + date_str) print("success sync ntp time") except Exception as e: print("error sync ntp time",repr(e)) if __name__ == "__main__": # 初始化网络 w5x00_init() # 同步ntp时间 sync_ntp() # 初始化LCD LCD = LCD_1inch14.LCD() rtc = ds3231.ds3231(1,27,26) while True: print(f'The SystemRTC time is : {time.localtime()[0]}-{time.localtime()[1]}-{time.localtime()[2]} {time.localtime()[3]}:{time.localtime()[4]}:{time.localtime()[5]} The DS3231RTC time is : {rtc.read_time()[0]}-{rtc.read_time()[1]}-{rtc.read_time()[2]} {rtc.read_time()[3]}:{rtc.read_time()[4]}:{rtc.read_time()[5]} {rtc.read_time()[6]}') LCD.WriteLine(f'The SystemRTC time is : {time.localtime()[0]}-{time.localtime()[1]}-{time.localtime()[2]} {time.localtime()[3]}:{time.localtime()[4]}:{time.localtime()[5]} The DS3231RTC time is : {rtc.read_time()[0]}-{rtc.read_time()[1]}-{rtc.read_time()[2]} {rtc.read_time()[3]}:{rtc.read_time()[4]}:{rtc.read_time()[5]} {rtc.read_time()[6]}') LCD.Clean() ``` /lib/ds3231.py 来自于参考资料连接中微雪例程中文件未做改动，也可本项目提供的源码。 ### 四、演示 [localvideo]915fdcc6a16dc5368d25ef04b69e5388[/localvideo] --- 参考资料： [Pico RTC DS3231 - Waveshare Wiki](https://www.waveshare.com/wiki/Pico-RTC-DS3231) ## 终极任务二 ■  **终极任务二：**使用外部存储器，组建简易FTP文件服务器，并能正常上传下载文件。 ### 一、硬件介绍 本项目中使用到的硬件有： | 硬件 | 链接、资料 | 图片 | | ----------------------------- | ---- | ---- | | W5500-EVB-Pico | [W5500-EVB-PICO WIZnet 开发板 套件 编程器 DigiKey](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/wiznet/W5500-EVB-PICO/16515824) [W5500-EVB-Pico WIZnet Document System](https://docs.wiznet.io/Product/iEthernet/W5500/w5500-evb-pico) |  | | GROVE SHIELD FOR PI PICO V1.0 | [103100142 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd 开发板 套件 编程器 DigiKey](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/seeed-technology-co-ltd/103100142/13688265) |  | | MICROSD CARD BFF QT PY/XIAO | [5683 Adafruit Industries LLC 开发板 套件 编程器 DigiKey](https://www.digikey.cn/zh/products/detail/adafruit-industries-llc/5683/18073185) [Overview Adafruit microSD Card BFF Adafruit Learning System](https://learn.adafruit.com/adafruit-microsd-card-bff) |  | 接线图1 接线图2 ### 二、设计思路 1. 首先我们需要使用W5500-EVB-Pico连接到网络中。 2. 将sd卡挂载到根目录。 #### 读取SDCard 1. 点击包管理工具，安装sdcard库如下图所示。 2. 使用代码来挂载sd卡。 ``` python import os from sdcard import SDCard from machine import Pin,SPI,SoftSPI spi = SPI(1,2_000_000,sck=Pin(10), mosi=Pin(11), miso=Pin(12)) #spi = SoftSPI(2_000_000,sck=Pin(10), mosi=Pin(11), miso=Pin(12)) # 获取sdcard对象 sd = SDCard(spi, Pin(13)) # 挂载SD卡到/sd目录 os.mount(sd, '/sd') ``` #### 实现FTP文件服务器 造轮子是不可能的这辈子都不可能，既然不造轮子在github上查找下有没有MicroPython FTP库，还真有来自[robert-hh](https://github.com/robert-hh)大神的[FTP-Server-for-ESP8266-ESP32-and-PYBD](https://github.com/robert-hh/FTP-Server-for-ESP8266-ESP32-and-PYBD/tree/master)库。使用库中的uftpd.py文件，该函数使用network.WLAN来获得连接信息。但本项目使用的是w5500控制器来实现网络连接，还需要对start函数稍加小改动。 ``` python # start listening for ftp connections on port 21 def start(port=21, verbose=0, splash=True): global ftpsockets, datasocket global verbose_l global client_list global client_busy alloc_emergency_exception_buf(100) verbose_l = verbose client_list = [] client_busy = False for interface in [network.AP_IF, network.STA_IF]: wlan = network.WLAN(interface) if not wlan.active(): continue ifconfig = wlan.ifconfig() addr = socket.getaddrinfo(ifconfig[0], port) sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) sock.bind(addr[0][4]) sock.listen(1) sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, _SO_REGISTER_HANDLER, lambda s : accept_ftp_connect(s, ifconfig[0])) ftpsockets.append(sock) if splash: print("FTP server started on {}:{}".format(ifconfig[0], port)) datasocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) datasocket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) datasocket.bind(('0.0.0.0', _DATA_PORT)) datasocket.listen(1) datasocket.settimeout(10) def restart(port=21, verbose=0, splash=True): stop() sleep_ms(200) start(port, verbose, splash) ``` 改动思路： 1. 在uftpd.py 的 start函数中，将WLAN改为WIZNET5K，从WIZNET5K对象中获得网络连接信息。 ``` python # start listening for ftp connections on port 21 def start(port=21, verbose=0, splash=True): global ftpsockets, datasocket global verbose_l global client_list global client_busy alloc_emergency_exception_buf(100) verbose_l = verbose client_list = [] client_busy = False nic = network.WIZNET5K() if not nic.active(): continue ifconfig = nic.ifconfig() addr = socket.getaddrinfo(ifconfig[0], port) sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) sock.bind(addr[0][4]) sock.listen(1) sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, _SO_REGISTER_HANDLER, lambda s : accept_ftp_connect(s, ifconfig[0])) ftpsockets.append(sock) if splash: print("FTP server started on {}:{}".format(ifconfig[0], port)) datasocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) datasocket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) datasocket.bind(('0.0.0.0', _DATA_PORT)) datasocket.listen(1) datasocket.settimeout(10) def restart(port=21, verbose=0, splash=True): stop() sleep_ms(200) start(port, verbose, splash) ``` 修改后在执行过程中一直无法成功创建FTP服务，经过分析找到了问题的原因。当在uftpd.py文件中再此执行 `network.WIZNET5K()` 时似乎他创建了一个新的nic对象，而不是使用 `network.WLAN()` 时返回的是当前的网络连接对象。所以在判断 `not nic.active()` 结果永远为True。程序无法继续运行下去。 2. 不妨换个思路在uftpd.start函数中获得网络对象的目的为获得当前网络连接分配的IP地址。干脆让start函数传入ip参数。这样程序就能顺利执行。也不会卡在`network.WIZNET5K()`这个问题上了。 ``` python # start listening for ftp connections on port 21 def start(host='0.0.0.0',port=21, verbose=0, splash=True): global ftpsockets, datasocket global verbose_l global client_list global client_busy alloc_emergency_exception_buf(100) verbose_l = verbose client_list = [] client_busy = False addr = socket.getaddrinfo(host, port) sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) sock.bind(addr[0][4]) sock.listen(1) sock.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, _SO_REGISTER_HANDLER, lambda s : accept_ftp_connect(s,host)) ftpsockets.append(sock) if splash: print("FTP server started on {}:{}".format(host, port)) datasocket = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) datasocket.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, socket.SO_REUSEADDR, 1) datasocket.bind(('0.0.0.0', _DATA_PORT)) datasocket.listen(1) datasocket.settimeout(10) def restart(host='0.0.0.0',port=21, verbose=0, splash=True): stop() sleep_ms(200) start(port, verbose, splash) ``` ### 三、代码展示 /ultimate_task2_code.py ``` python import network,time from machine import Pin,SPI addr = '' #w5500 初始化 def w5x00_init(): spi=SPI(0,2_000_000, mosi=Pin(19),miso=Pin(16),sck=Pin(18)) nic = network.WIZNET5K(spi,Pin(17),Pin(20)) #spi,cs,reset pin # network.WIZNET5K(spi,Pin(17),Pin(20)) nic.active(True) # If you use the Dynamic IP(DHCP), you must use the "nic.ifconfig('dhcp')". nic.ifconfig('dhcp') # If you use the Static IP, you must use the "nic.ifconfig("IP","subnet","Gateway","DNS")". #nic.ifconfig(('192.168.2.107','255.255.255.0','192.168.2.1','8.8.8.8')) while not nic.isconnected(): time.sleep(1) #print(nic.regs()) print(nic.ifconfig()) # Get connection IP global addr addr = nic.ifconfig()[0] def sdcard_init(path='/sd'): import os from sdcard import SDCard from machine import Pin,SPI,SoftSPI spi = SPI(1,2_000_000,sck=Pin(10), mosi=Pin(11), miso=Pin(12)) #spi = SoftSPI(2_000_000,sck=Pin(10), mosi=Pin(11), miso=Pin(12)) # 获取sdcard对象 sd = SDCard(spi, Pin(13)) # 挂载SD卡到/sd目录 os.mount(sd, path) print(f'success mounted sdcard in \'{path}\'') if __name__ == "__main__": # 初始化网络 w5x00_init() # 初始化并挂在sd卡 sdcard_init() import uftpd uftpd.start(host = addr,port = 21,verbose = 0) ``` /lib/uftp.py ``` python # # Small ftp server for ESP8266 Micropython # Based on the work of chrisgp - Christopher Popp and pfalcon - Paul Sokolovsky # # The server accepts passive mode only. It runs in background. # Start the server with: # # import uftpd # uftpd.start([port = 21][, verbose = level]) # # port is the port number (default 21) # verbose controls the level of printed activity messages, values 0, 1, 2 # # Copyright (c) 2016 Christopher Popp (initial ftp server framework) # Copyright (c) 2016 Paul Sokolovsky (background execution control structure) # Copyright (c) 2016 Robert Hammelrath (putting the pieces together and a # few extensions) # Copyright (c) 2020 Jan Wieck Use separate FTP servers per socket for STA + AP mode # Copyright (c) 2021 JD Smith Use a preallocated buffer and improve error handling. # Distributed under MIT License # import socket import network import uos import gc import sys import errno from time import sleep_ms, localtime from micropython import alloc_emergency_exception_buf # constant definitions _CHUNK_SIZE = const(1024) _SO_REGISTER_HANDLER = const(20) _COMMAND_TIMEOUT = const(300) _DATA_TIMEOUT = const(100) _DATA_PORT = const(13333) # Global variables ftpsockets = [] datasocket = None client_list = [] verbose_l = 0 client_busy = False # Interfaces: (IP-Address (string), IP-Address (integer), Netmask (integer)) _month_name = ("", "Jan", "Feb", "Mar", "Apr", "May", "Jun", "Jul", "Aug", "Sep", "Oct", "Nov", "Dec") class FTP_client: def __init__(self, ftpsocket, local_addr): self.command_client, self.remote_addr = ftpsocket.accept() self.remote_addr = self.remote_addr[0] self.command_client.settimeout(_COMMAND_TIMEOUT) log_msg(1, "FTP Command connection from:", self.remote_addr) self.command_client.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, _SO_REGISTER_HANDLER, self.exec_ftp_command) self.command_client.sendall("220 Hello, this is the {}.\r\n".format(sys.platform)) self.cwd = '/' self.fromname = None # self.logged_in = False self.act_data_addr = self.remote_addr self.DATA_PORT = 20 self.active = True self.pasv_data_addr = local_addr def send_list_data(self, path, data_client, full): try: for fname in uos.listdir(path): data_client.sendall(self.make_description(path, fname, full)) except Exception as e: # path may be a file name or pattern path, pattern = self.split_path(path) try: for fname in uos.listdir(path): if self.fncmp(fname, pattern): data_client.sendall( self.make_description(path, fname, full)) except: pass def make_description(self, path, fname, full): global _month_name if full: stat = uos.stat(self.get_absolute_path(path, fname)) file_permissions = ("drwxr-xr-x" if (stat[0] & 0o170000 == 0o040000) else "-rw-r--r--") file_size = stat[6] tm = stat[7] & 0xffffffff tm = localtime(tm if tm < 0x80000000 else tm - 0x100000000) if tm[0] != localtime()[0]: description = "{} 1 owner group {:>10} {} {:2} {:>5} {}\r\n".\ format(file_permissions, file_size, _month_name[tm[1]], tm[2], tm[0], fname) else: description = "{} 1 owner group {:>10} {} {:2} {:02}:{:02} {}\r\n".\ format(file_permissions, file_size, _month_name[tm[1]], tm[2], tm[3], tm[4], fname) else: description = fname + "\r\n" return description def send_file_data(self, path, data_client): buffer = bytearray(_CHUNK_SIZE) mv = memoryview(buffer) with open(path, "rb") as file: bytes_read = file.readinto(buffer) while bytes_read > 0: data_client.write(mv[0:bytes_read]) bytes_read = file.readinto(buffer) data_client.close() def save_file_data(self, path, data_client, mode): buffer = bytearray(_CHUNK_SIZE) mv = memoryview(buffer) with open(path, mode) as file: bytes_read = data_client.readinto(buffer) while bytes_read > 0: file.write(mv[0:bytes_read]) bytes_read = data_client.readinto(buffer) data_client.close() def get_absolute_path(self, cwd, payload): # Just a few special cases "..", "." and "" # If payload start's with /, set cwd to / # and consider the remainder a relative path if payload.startswith('/'): cwd = "/" for token in payload.split("/"): if token == '..': cwd = self.split_path(cwd)[0] elif token != '.' and token != '': if cwd == '/': cwd += token else: cwd = cwd + '/' + token return cwd def split_path(self, path): # instead of path.rpartition('/') tail = path.split('/')[-1] head = path[:-(len(tail) + 1)] return ('/' if head == '' else head, tail) # compare fname against pattern. Pattern may contain # the wildcards ? and *. def fncmp(self, fname, pattern): pi = 0 si = 0 while pi < len(pattern) and si < len(fname): if (fname[si] == pattern[pi]) or (pattern[pi] == '?'): si += 1 pi += 1 else: if pattern[pi] == '*': # recurse if pi == len(pattern.rstrip("*?")): # only wildcards left return True while si < len(fname): if self.fncmp(fname[si:], pattern[pi + 1:]): return True else: si += 1 return False else: return False if pi == len(pattern.rstrip("*")) and si == len(fname): return True else: return False def open_dataclient(self): if self.active: # active mode data_client = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) data_client.settimeout(_DATA_TIMEOUT) data_client.connect((self.act_data_addr, self.DATA_PORT)) log_msg(1, "FTP Data connection with:", self.act_data_addr) else: # passive mode data_client, data_addr = datasocket.accept() log_msg(1, "FTP Data connection with:", data_addr[0]) return data_client def exec_ftp_command(self, cl): global datasocket global client_busy global my_ip_addr try: gc.collect() try: data = cl.readline().decode("utf-8").rstrip("\r\n") except OSError: # treat an error as QUIT situation. data = "" if len(data) > 8, _DATA_PORT % 256)) self.active = False elif command == "PORT": items = payload.split(",") if len(items) >= 6: self.act_data_addr = '.'.join(items[:4]) if self.act_data_addr == "127.0.1.1": # replace by command session addr self.act_data_addr = self.remote_addr self.DATA_PORT = int(items[4]) * 256 + int(items[5]) cl.sendall('200 OK\r\n') self.active = True else: cl.sendall('504 Fail\r\n') elif command == "LIST" or command == "NLST": if payload.startswith("-"): option = payload.split()[0].lower() path = self.get_absolute_path( self.cwd, payload[len(option):].lstrip()) else: option = "" try: data_client = self.open_dataclient() cl.sendall("150 Directory listing:\r\n") self.send_list_data(path, data_client, command == "LIST" or 'l' in option) cl.sendall("226 Done.\r\n") data_client.close() except: cl.sendall('550 Fail\r\n') if data_client is not None: data_client.close() elif command == "RETR": try: data_client = self.open_dataclient() cl.sendall("150 Opened data connection.\r\n") self.send_file_data(path, data_client) # if the next statement is reached, # the data_client was closed. data_client = None cl.sendall("226 Done.\r\n") except: cl.sendall('550 Fail\r\n') if data_client is not None: data_client.close() elif command == "STOR" or command == "APPE": try: data_client = self.open_dataclient() cl.sendall("150 Opened data connection.\r\n") self.save_file_data(path, data_client, "wb" if command == "STOR" else "ab") # if the next statement is reached, # the data_client was closed. data_client = None cl.sendall("226 Done.\r\n") except: cl.sendall('550 Fail\r\n') if data_client is not None: data_client.close() elif command == "SIZE": try: cl.sendall('213 {}\r\n'.format(uos.stat(path)[6])) except: cl.sendall('550 Fail\r\n') elif command == "MDTM": try: tm=localtime(uos.stat(path)[8]) cl.sendall('213 {:04d}{:02d}{:02d}{:02d}{:02d}{:02d}\r\n'.format(*tm[0:6])) except: cl.sendall('550 Fail\r\n') elif command == "STAT": if payload == "": cl.sendall("211-Connected to ({})\r\n" " Data address ({})\r\n" " TYPE: Binary STRU: File MODE: Stream\r\n" " Session timeout {}\r\n" "211 Client count is {}\r\n".format( self.remote_addr, self.pasv_data_addr, _COMMAND_TIMEOUT, len(client_list))) else: cl.sendall("213-Directory listing:\r\n") self.send_list_data(path, cl, True) cl.sendall("213 Done.\r\n") elif command == "DELE": try: uos.remove(path) cl.sendall('250 OK\r\n') except: cl.sendall('550 Fail\r\n') elif command == "RNFR": try: # just test if the name exists, exception if not uos.stat(path) self.fromname = path cl.sendall("350 Rename from\r\n") except: cl.sendall('550 Fail\r\n') elif command == "RNTO": try: uos.rename(self.fromname, path) cl.sendall('250 OK\r\n') except: cl.sendall('550 Fail\r\n') self.fromname = None elif command == "CDUP" or command == "XCUP": self.cwd = self.get_absolute_path(self.cwd, "..") cl.sendall('250 OK\r\n') elif command == "RMD" or command == "XRMD": try: uos.rmdir(path) cl.sendall('250 OK\r\n') except: cl.sendall('550 Fail\r\n') elif command == "MKD" or command == "XMKD": try: uos.mkdir(path) cl.sendall('250 OK\r\n') except: cl.sendall('550 Fail\r\n') elif command == "SITE": try: exec(payload.replace('\0','\n')) cl.sendall('250 OK\r\n') except: cl.sendall('550 Fail\r\n') else: cl.sendall("502 Unsupported command.\r\n") # log_msg(2, # "Unsupported command {} with payload {}".format(command, # payload)) except OSError as err: if verbose_l > 0: log_msg(1, "Exception in exec_ftp_command:") sys.print_exception(err) if err.errno in (errno.ECONNABORTED, errno.ENOTCONN): close_client(cl) # handle unexpected errors except Exception as err: log_msg(1, "Exception in exec_ftp_command: {}".format(err)) # tidy up before leaving client_busy = False def log_msg(level, *args): global verbose_l if verbose_l >= level: print(*args) # close client and remove it from the list def close_client(cl): cl.setsockopt(socket.SOL_SOCKET, _SO_REGISTER_HANDLER, None) cl.close() for i, client in enumerate(client_list): if client.command_client == cl: del client_list break def accept_ftp_connect(ftpsocket, local_addr): # Accept new calls for the server try: client_list.append(FTP_client(ftpsocket, local_addr)) except: log_msg(1, "Attempt to connect failed") # try at least to reject try: temp_client, temp_addr = ftpsocket.accept() temp_client.close() except: pass def num_ip(ip): items = ip.split(".") return (int(items[0])

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